Question

schooling - all public schools in south africa are strictly segregated. no black child in south africa may legally sit in a classroom with a white child. the government spends over seven times as much to educate a white child as it spends to educate a black child. on average, there is one teacher for every 18 students in white south african schools; for black schools the ratio is one teacher for 43 students. many black schools in south africa are occupied by heavily armed government troops. soldiers with automatic rifles often sit and observe inside the classrooms. no white schools are occupied. many black schools have been closed by the government. health care - if you are white in south africa, you can expect to live 72.3 years. africans can expect to live 58.9 years, unless they live in the rural areas where life expectancy is much lower. coloreds live an average 56.1 years, and indians, 63.9 years. an average of 136 black children die every day from the effects of malnutrition. (south africa is one of the top seven food - exporting nations in the world.) every year, the country exports over $1 billion worth of agricultural products (including grain, beef, vegetables, and fruit). the major cause of death for black children in south africa is disease brought on by malnutrition; for white children the major cause of death is swimming pool accidents. government hospitals, even ambulances, are classified by race.

1. race & school: racially, describe what schools looked like in south africa.
2. inequalities: describe 3 ways education was unequal in south africa.
3. life expectancy: describe the difference between the life expectancy between blacks and whites. why was it so large?
4. black major death: what was the major form of death for black people? why was that avoidable?
5. white major death: what was the main cause of death for whites? why is that less of a concern?

Explanation:

To answer these questions, we analyze the provided text:

6) RACE & SCHOOL

• Public schools in South Africa were strictly segregated. No black child could sit in a classroom with a white child, and vice versa.
• The government spent over seven times more to educate a white child than a black child.
• Teacher - student ratios differed: 1 teacher per 18 white students vs. 1 teacher per 43 black students.
• Black schools were often occupied by heavily armed government troops, while white schools were not (or had different security situations).

7) INEQUALITIES (3 ways education was unequal)

1. Segregation: Black and white children were not allowed to attend the same public schools.
2. Funding: The government spent over seven times as much to educate a white child as it did to educate a black child.
3. Teacher - Student Ratio: In white South African schools, there was 1 teacher for every 18 students; in black schools, the ratio was 1 teacher for 43 students.

8) LIFE EXPECTANCY

• White people in South Africa had a life expectancy of 72.3 years.
• Black people (Africans) had a life expectancy of 58.9 years (and even lower, 56.1 years on average for rural areas or specific groups like Indians had 63.9 years).
• The large difference was due to systemic racial inequalities: unequal access to healthcare, nutrition, and living conditions (e.g., black people more likely to live in rural areas with lower life expectancy, face malnutrition, and have less access to quality healthcare).

9) BLACK MAJOR DEATH

• The major form of death for black people in South Africa was disease brought on by malnutrition. An average of 136 black children died every day from the effects of malnutrition.
• This was so large because South Africa’s agricultural exports (like grain, beef, vegetables, fruit) prioritized international trade over feeding its own black population, leading to widespread malnutrition, especially among children, which caused disease and high mortality.

10) WHITE MAJOR DEATH

• The main cause of death for white people was swimming pool accidents.
• This was less of a concern because white people had better access to healthcare, nutrition, and living conditions, so preventable deaths from malnutrition - related diseases were not a major issue for them, and accidents like swimming pool incidents were more prominent in their relatively safer and more privileged living environments.

Answer:

s:

1. Schools in South Africa were racially segregated (no black - white classroom mixing), white children received 7 + times more education funding, and had better teacher - student ratios (1:18 vs 1:43 for blacks); black schools were occupied by armed troops, white schools not.
2. 1. Segregation (no mixed - race classrooms). 2. Funding (7 + times more for white education). 3. Teacher - student ratio (1:18 for whites, 1:43 for blacks).
3. Whites: 72.3 years; Blacks: 58.9 years (rural/Indians: ~56.1 - 63.9). Large difference due to racial inequalities in healthcare, nutrition, living areas.
4. Major death: Disease from malnutrition (136 black kids die daily from it). Large due to agricultural exports over local black nutrition.
5. Main cause: Swimming pool accidents. Less concern as whites had better healthcare/nutrition, so malnutrition - related deaths were rare.