Question

(score for question 1: __ of 2 points)

1. how do you calculate magnification on a light microscope?

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(score for question 2: __ of 2 points)

1. explain how to focus a microscope using the high - power lens. include any safety issues you need to be aware of.

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(score for question 3: __ of 2 points)

1. sketch some of your observations from the lab.

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(score for question 4: __ of 2 points)

1. compare your observations of micrographs obtained from the optical microscope, the scanning electron microscope, and the transmission electron microscope.

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(score for question 5: __ of 2 points)

1. which type of microscope would be the best tool to use to view the surface of a bacterial cell? why?

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Explanation:

1. Magnification of a light - microscope is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the ocular lens (eyepiece) by the magnification of the objective lens. For example, if the ocular lens has a magnification of 10x and the objective lens has a magnification of 40x, the total magnification is 10x × 40x = 400x.
2. To focus a microscope using the high - power lens: First, focus the specimen using the low - power lens. Then, without moving the stage vertically, rotate the high - power lens into place. Use the fine - adjustment knob only to bring the specimen into focus. Safety issues include not using the coarse - adjustment knob with the high - power lens to avoid crashing the lens into the slide and breaking the slide or damaging the lens.
3. (This answer depends on actual lab observations. For example, if observing plant cells, one might sketch a rectangular - shaped cell with a large central vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplasts.)
4. Optical microscopes provide lower magnification (usually up to 1000x) and show color images of living or preserved specimens. Scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) provide high - resolution 3D images of the surface of specimens but require the specimen to be non - living and coated with a thin layer of metal. Transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) provide high - resolution 2D images of the internal structures of very thin specimens, also requiring non - living specimens.
5. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) would be the best tool to view the surface of a bacterial cell. SEMs can provide high - resolution 3D images of the surface features of the bacteria, such as pili, flagella, and the cell wall structure.

Answer:

1. Multiply the magnification of the ocular lens by the magnification of the objective lens.
2. First focus with low - power lens, then rotate high - power lens and use fine - adjustment knob. Avoid using coarse - adjustment knob to prevent damage.
3. (Sketch based on actual lab observations.)
4. Optical microscopes: lower magnification, color, living/preserved specimens. SEMs: high - resolution 3D surface images, non - living, metal - coated specimens. TEMs: high - resolution 2D internal images, non - living, very thin specimens.
5. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) because it can provide high - resolution 3D images of the surface features of the bacterial cell.