Question

select all that apply
which of the following are complications associated with maternal obesity during pregnancy?
□ hypertension
□ blindness
□ diabetes
□ depression
□ spina bifida

Explanation:

• Hypertension: Maternal obesity increases the risk of high blood pressure (hypertension) during pregnancy.
• Blindness: Not a typical direct complication of maternal obesity in pregnancy.
• Diabetes: Obesity is a major risk factor for gestational diabetes.
• Depression: While obesity can be a factor, it's not a primary direct complication of maternal obesity in pregnancy compared to the others here, but some studies link obesity to increased depression risk. However, more direct complications are hypertension, diabetes, and spina bifida (due to increased risk of neural tube defects from obesity - related folate issues or other metabolic factors).
• Spina bifida: Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects like spina bifida, likely due to metabolic and nutritional factors affecting fetal development.

Answer:

A. hypertension, C. diabetes, E. spina bifida (Note: Some sources may also consider depression as associated, but the more established direct complications of maternal obesity in pregnancy are hypertension, diabetes, and spina bifida. If depression is considered, then A. hypertension, C. diabetes, D. depression, E. spina bifida. However, the most well - recognized complications are hypertension, diabetes, and spina bifida.)