Question

sistema de castas
the term “peninsulare” directly refers to the ___ peninsula.
a florida
b iberian
c scandinavian
d yucatan
peninsulares were ________.
a part indian
b part african
c born in spain
d least powerful
which of these had the most power?
a mullatos
b mestizos
c creoles
d indios
lets look at some of the social classifications found in early latin american society. when looking at these world historical classifications, its important to remember that these were- in fact- important to society in the latin american colonies. while addressing some of these topics in the 21 century may seem- for lack of a better word- “awkward,” understanding them and their relevance in history is key. well start with these two terms: peninsulares and creoles. the term “peninsulares” comes from the word “peninsula,” as in “the iberian peninsula” where spain is located… portugal, too. these were people who were born in spain and moved to their colonies in the new world. peninsulares were the highest class in spanish - ruled colonial latin america. they filled the higher - level governmental and political positions, as well as those jobs associated with or that were part of the catholic church. they held the most economic power, but dont confuse them with royalty. true, anyone with royal or noble blood in the early years of the colonies was a peninsulare, but there were plenty peninsulares that were not of noble heritage. as for the term creole - you may also see it spelled “criollos” - it means “native born and raised.” they were people who were of spanish ancestry but who were born in the americas. many creoles became quite wealthy in the colonies, but in the early colonial years any political power they held was limited to the lower, local levels of government. this would change over the ensuing decades, however, as many used wealth to purchase or bribe their way to higher - level government positions. so these were the two most powerful classes in the system known as the casta, which was a spanish caste system within the colonies. well show the rest of the terms used to describe the other levels within the casta, but for historical purposes well focus on just two of these for now: mestizos and mullatos. both of these terms represent the very human situations that would occur in latin america. the term mestizo is taken from the spanish word for “mixed.” it referred to a person who had one spanish parent and one american

Explanation:

First Question:

The transcript says "Peninsulares" comes from "the Iberian Peninsula". So the term refers to the Iberian Peninsula.

From the transcript: "These were people who were born in Spain and moved to their colonies in the New World." So Peninsulares were born in Spain.

The transcript states "Peninsulares were the highest class... They held the most economic power" and Creoles were less powerful initially (though gained power later, but among the options, Creoles are more powerful than Mulatos, Mestizos, and Indios in early colonial times as per context). Wait, correction: Wait, the options are Mulatos, Mestizos, Creoles, Indios. The transcript says Peninsulares were highest, but among these options, Creoles were the next powerful (and more powerful than the other three here). Wait, the question is "Which of these had the most power?" The options are A. Mulatos, B. Mestizos, C. Creoles, D. Indios. From the text, Creoles were a powerful class (though less than Peninsulares, but among these options, Creoles are more powerful than the others listed). So the answer is Creoles.

Answer:

B. Iberian

Second Question: