Question

some students consume large amounts of caffeinated drinks to help them stay alert when studying. you notice that many who engage in this practice seem to do poorly on exams. suppose you want to investigate the relationship between caffeine consumption and exam performance. which of the following statements would be an appropriate hypothesis?

too much caffeine is harmful to your health.

many students consume large amounts of caffeine while studying to improve their exam scores.

one should avoid consuming too much caffeine while studying.

caffeine increases alertness but also increases anxiety.

students who consume large amounts of caffeine while studying have lower exam scores than those who consume less caffeine.

Explanation:

The goal is to investigate the relationship between caffeine consumption and exam performance. The hypothesis should clearly state this relationship. The first option is about health, not exam - performance. The second option just states a fact about consumption, not a relationship. The third option is a recommendation, not a hypothesis. The fourth option is about alertness and anxiety, not directly about exam performance. The fifth option clearly states a relationship between caffeine consumption during studying and exam scores.

Answer:

Students who consume large amounts of caffeine while studying have lower exam scores than those who consume less caffeine.