Question

standard 5 study guide1: basic principles of the u.s. government
gov.c.5
as the supreme law of the land, the u.s. the constitution incorporates basic principles that help define the government of the united states as a federal republic including its structure, powers. and relationship with the governed.
q.1:
which phrase is a doctrine in political theory that government is created by and subject to the will of the people?
a. popular sovereignty
b. limited government
c. separation of powers
d. federalism
q.2:
which principle is illustrated in the first amendment of the u.s. constitution?
congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
a. checks and balances
b. limited government
c. federalism
d. separation of powers
q.3:
which principle is illustrated in article 1 of the u.s. constitution?
all legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a congress of the united states, which shall consist of a senate and house of representatives.
a. limited government
b. popular sovereignty
c. separation of powers
d. federalism
q.4:
which of the following quotes from the u.s.constitution best illustrate the principle of popular sovereignty?
a. “...the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed”
b. “all legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a congress of the united states, which shall consist of a senate and house of representatives.”
c. “we the people”
d. “the executive power shall be vested in a president of the united states of america.”

Explanation:

• Q.1: Popular sovereignty means government is by and for the people. Limited government restricts government power, separation of powers divides government functions, and federalism divides power between levels of government.
• Q.2: The First - Amendment restricts government power to make certain laws, which is an example of limited government. Checks and balances involve one branch checking another, federalism is about power division between levels, and separation of powers divides functions among branches.
• Q.3: Article 1 vests legislative power in Congress, showing separation of powers by defining a specific branch's function. Limited government restricts overall power, popular sovereignty is about people's power, and federalism is about power - sharing between levels.
• Q.4: "We the People" at the start of the Constitution represents the idea that the government's power comes from the people, which is popular sovereignty. The other quotes pertain to different rights or branches' powers.

Answer:

Q.1: A. popular sovereignty
Q.2: B. limited government
Q.3: C. separation of powers
Q.4: C. "We the People"