Question

1. starting with instructions from the factory manager (dna/chromosomes), create a flow chart to show how a protein is produced and shipped from a cell.
2. look carefully at cell 2 in model 2. what kind of organelle is missing?

a. why would cell 2 would not function normally?

1. which cell in model 2 will have difficulty containing and getting rid of wastes?

a. why?

Explanation:

1. Transcription occurs in the nucleus where DNA is used to make mRNA. mRNA then moves to the ribosomes where translation takes place to make a polypeptide chain. The polypeptide chain is then folded and modified in the endoplasmic reticulum. From there, it moves to the Golgi apparatus for further modification and packaging. Finally, the protein is shipped out of the cell in vesicles.
2. In Cell 2, the mitochondria seem to be missing. Mitochondria are the power - houses of the cell, producing ATP through cellular respiration. Without mitochondria, the cell lacks a major energy source and cannot function normally as many cellular processes require energy.
3. A cell without a lysosome (if applicable among the cells in Model 2) would have difficulty containing and getting rid of wastes. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Answer:

1. DNA/Chromosomes → Transcription (mRNA production in nucleus) → mRNA moves to ribosomes → Translation (polypeptide chain formation) → Endoplasmic Reticulum (folding and modification) → Golgi Apparatus (further modification and packaging) → Out of Cell
2. Mitochondria; Lack of energy production due to absence of mitochondria.
3. Cell lacking lysosome; Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes for waste breakdown.