Question

student name: zubair wahjup period: 7th day 2: principles of government task 2 - short answer response: provide answer these question in complete sentences. 1. how does the principle of separation of powers resolve problem 4? 2. how does the principle of checks & balances resolve problem 5? 3. how does the principle of federalism resolve problem 6? 4. how does the principle of individual rights resolve problem 7? problems: problem 4: the king holds all power in government. this means he makes the law, enforces them & judges the people who break the law. problem 5: governments have a lot of power. in order to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful, a system needs to be in place to limit the other branches. problem 6: under the articles of confederation, states were given more power than the federal government which was not effective. problem 7: citizens have no rights. in a monarchy, the king can arrest or abuse individual people even if they do not break the law. solutions (partial): separation of powers solution: the government’s power is divided between national & state gov. the power of gov has authority over the people, but the people have some independence. checks and balances solution: (aka’s own balances) each branch has the power to complete its job, but also a power to ensure that each branch is limited by the others. federalism solution: federalism is a government’s power is divided between national & state gov. the power of gov has authority over the people, but the people have some independence. individual rights solution: individual rights people are born with natural rights: “life, liberty & the pursuit of happiness.” the government must guarantee these rights to its citizens.

Explanation:

To solve these questions, we analyze each principle and its role in resolving the respective problem:

1. Separation of Powers (Problem 4)

Problem 4 states: "Governments have a lot of power. In order to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful, a system was needed to be an overlap to limit the other branches."

The Separation of Powers divides government power into distinct branches (e.g., legislative, executive, judicial). This division ensures no single branch accumulates excessive power, as each branch has unique responsibilities and can check the others.

Problem 5 states: "The king holds all power in government. This means he makes the law, enforces them, and judges the people who break the law."

The Checks & Balances system gives each branch of government (or level, in a monarchy context) the ability to limit the power of other branches. In a monarchy, Checks & Balances would introduce mechanisms (e.g., a parliament, courts) to restrict the king’s absolute authority, ensuring he cannot unilaterally make, enforce, and judge laws.

Problem 6 states: "Under the Articles of Confederation, states were given more power than the federal government, which was too weak."

Federalism balances power between a central (federal) government and state governments. It strengthens the federal government’s authority while preserving state autonomy, addressing the weakness of a system where states held excessive power (like the Articles of Confederation).

Answer:

The principle of Separation of Powers resolves Problem 4 by dividing government authority into separate branches (legislative, executive, judicial). This division prevents any one branch from gaining too much power, as each branch has defined roles and can limit the actions of the others (e.g., the legislative branch makes laws, the executive enforces them, and the judicial interprets them, with overlapping checks to ensure balance).

2. Checks & Balances (Problem 5)