Question

1. tapeworms are a particular species of worm that resides in the small intestine of mammals (including humans). the tapeworm latches on to the walls of the small intestine, and siphons (steals) nutrients from the mammals digestive tract. this can cause severe nutrient deficiency, weakness, and extreme weight - loss for the mammal.
2. cattle egrets are a type of bird commonly found on farms. as cattle, horses, and other livestock graze (eat grass) on the field, they cause movements that stir up various insects. as the insects are stirred up, the cattle egrets following the livestock catch and feed upon them.

Explanation:

1. For tapeworms and mammals: Tapeworms (Organism 1) live in the small - intestine of mammals (Organism 2) and harm them by stealing nutrients, which is parasitism.
2. For cattle egrets and livestock: Cattle egrets (Organism 1) benefit from the movements of livestock (Organism 2) that stir up insects for the egrets to eat, while the livestock are neither helped nor harmed, which is commensalism.

Answer:

1. Organism 1: Tapeworm; Organism 2: Mammal; Symbiotic Relationship: Parasitism
2. Organism 1: Cattle Egret; Organism 2: Livestock; Symbiotic Relationship: Commensalism