Question

text-dependent questions
directions: for the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences.

1. part a: which statement identifies the central idea of the text?

a. babies are more likely to act fairly and altruistically to other people because they have yet to be socially influenced by those around them.
b. while babies appear to recognize fairness and exhibit altruism, its impossible to determine their true motivations for kindness due to their inability to communicate.
c. babies who are able to recognize examples of unfairness are more likely to act altruistically, proving that theres a connection between the development of the two.
d. babies that are unable to recognize something as being unfair or show altruism are behind in their social and moral development.

1. part b: which detail from the text best supports the answer to part a?

a. \evolutionarily, this doesnt make a whole lot of sense, since were all out to preserve ourselves - and our genes. there must be something else going on.\ (paragraph 1)
b. \but, the authors argue, the fact that the second part of the study connected the altruistic behaviors to the perception of unevenness speaks to the fact that babies evaluate events along morally relevant dimensions.\ (paragraph 7)
c. \they appear to develop their social behaviors just by watching others, which the authors suggest could help adults understand more about how to foster that development in kids from a young age.\ (paragraph 9)
d. \some researchers have suggested that young children and infants may be more blindly altruistic than older children and adults, because they dont yet possess the ability to be discerning.\ (paragraph 10)

1. how does the author introduce the idea of true altruism in paragraphs 1 - 2?

a. as a concept that confuses many people because of its apparent selfless nature
b. as something very few people are capable of because it requires true selflessness
c. as actions that appear selfless but actually benefit the individual in the end
d. as something only babies and young children are capable of because of their innocence

Explanation:

1. For Part A, the text focuses on the connection between babies' recognition of unfairness and their altruistic behavior. Option C correctly identifies this central - idea.
2. For Part B, the detail in Option B from Paragraph 7 supports the idea that there is a connection between babies' perception of unevenness (unfairness) and their altruistic behaviors, which is the central idea in Part A.
3. For Part C, in Paragraphs 1 - 2, the author introduces true altruism as a concept that confuses many people due to its self - less nature. Option A is correct.

Answer:

1. C. Babies who are able to recognize examples of unfairness are more likely to act altruistically, proving that there's a connection between the development of the two.
2. B. "But, the authors argue, the fact that the second part of the study connected the 'altruistic' behaviors to the perception of unevenness speaks to the fact that babies 'evaluate events along morally relevant dimensions.' (Paragraph 7)
3. A. as a concept that confuses many people because of its apparent selfless nature