Question

the three amino acids below are the same ones you analyzed in the previous section. let’s add their functional implications with a challenge question. (hint: remember that the word root phob means \fear\ and the word root phil means \love.\) drag and drop the labels to the amino acids they match. all options will be used, and some options will be used more than once. did you fully understand the concept covered in this section? its muddy its clear submit answer 4 of 7

Answer:

To solve this, we analyze the R - groups of each amino acid:

Step 1: Analyze the first amino acid

The R - group of the first amino acid is $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$. Amino acids with a hydroxyl group ($\ce{-OH}$) in their R - group are polar and can participate in hydrogen bonding. This is characteristic of serine (a polar, uncharged amino acid with a hydroxyl - containing R - group).

Step 2: Analyze the second amino acid

The R - group of the second amino acid has a carbon - carbon double bond ($\ce{C = C}$) in its structure. Amino acids with a double - bonded carbon structure in their R - group that is non - polar and has a hydrophobic nature (due to the hydrocarbon - like structure with a double bond) is characteristic of phenylalanine? Wait, no, the R - group here with $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? Wait, no, looking at the structure, the second amino acid's R - group: Let's re - examine. Wait, the second amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the structure shows for the second amino acid: the R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? Wait, no, the correct analysis: The second amino acid's R - group has a carbon - carbon double bond, which is part of the structure of proline? No, wait, the R - group of the second amino acid: Let's look at the standard amino acids. Wait, the second amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the correct approach is: The first amino acid (with $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$) is serine (polar, uncharged, hydroxyl - containing). The second amino acid, with an R - group that has a carbon - carbon double bond, is tryptophan? No, wait, the third amino acid: The third amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$, which is the R - group of valine (a non - polar, hydrophobic amino acid with a branched alkyl R - group).

Wait, let's start over:

1. First amino acid R - group: $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$ → This is the R - group of serine (polar, uncharged, can form H - bonds).
2. Second amino acid R - group: Let's see the structure. The second amino acid's R - group has a $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the structure shows for the second amino acid: the R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? Wait, no, the correct R - group for the second amino acid: If we consider the structure, the second amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the correct amino acid with a double - bonded carbon in the R - group is phenylalanine? No, I think I made a mistake. Let's use the hint about "phil" (love) and "phob" (fear). Wait, the question is about functional implications related to the R - groups.

Wait, the first amino acid has a hydroxyl group ($\ce{-OH}$) in its R - group, which is hydrophilic (loves water, "phil" - related, since it can form hydrogen bonds with water). So it is a hydrophilic amino acid (related to "phil" as it interacts favorably with water).

The second amino acid has a non - polar R - group with a double bond, but if we consider the "phob" (fear of water) - it is hydrophobic? Wait, no, the second amino acid's R - group: Wait, the second amino acid's R - group has a carbon - carbon double bond, but the main chain - no, the R - group of the second amino acid: Let's look at the structure again. The second amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the correct way is:

• Amino acid 1 (R = $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$): Hydrophilic (loves water, "phil") because the $\ce{-OH}$ group can form hydrogen bonds with water.
• Amino acid 2 (R with $\ce{C = C}$): If the R - group is non - polar (hydrocarbon - like with a double bond), it is hydrophobic (fears water, "phob").
• Amino acid 3 (R = $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$): Hydrophobic (fears water, "phob") because it is a non - polar alkyl group.

But since the question is about dragging labels (even though the labels are not shown here, we can infer the functional implications):

• Amino acid with $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$ (hydroxyl) → Hydrophilic (phil - water, since $\ce{-OH}$ interacts with water).
• Amino acid with $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$ (or similar non - polar, hydrocarbon - like with double bond) → Hydrophobic (phob - water, since it does not interact well with water).
• Amino acid with $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$ (branched alkyl) → Hydrophobic (phob - water, non - polar, does not interact with water).

If we assume the labels are related to hydrophilic (phil) and hydrophobic (phob):

• First amino acid ( $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$): Assign "hydrophilic" (phil - water, as $\ce{-OH}$ loves water interaction).
• Second and third amino acids (non - polar R - groups): Assign "hydrophobic" (phob - water, as their R - groups fear water interaction).

Since the problem is about matching labels (even though the exact labels are not provided in the text here, but based on the hint about "phil" (love) and "phob" (fear)):

• The amino acid with $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$ (hydroxyl) is hydrophilic (phil - water, because the hydroxyl group can form hydrogen bonds with water, so it "loves" water interaction).
• The amino acids with non - polar R - groups (like the one with $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$ and the one with the double - bonded carbon) are hydrophobic (phob - water, because their non - polar R - groups do not interact favorably with water, so they "fear" water interaction).

If we have to name the amino acids:

1. First amino acid: Serine (R = $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$)
2. Second amino acid: Let's check the structure again. Wait, the second amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the correct amino acid with a double - bonded carbon in the R - group is tryptophan? No, I think I messed up. Let's use the standard R - groups:

• Serine: R = $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$
• Phenylalanine: R = $\ce{-CH2 - C6H5}$ (has a benzene ring)
• Valine: R = $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$

Ah! The third amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$, which is valine (non - polar, hydrophobic). The first amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$, which is serine (polar, hydrophilic). The second amino acid's R - group: Let's see the structure. The second amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the structure shows for the second amino acid: the R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? Wait, no, the correct R - group for the second amino acid: If we look at the structure, the second amino acid's R - group is $\ce{-CH2 - CH = CH2}$? No, the correct amino acid with a double - bonded carbon in the R - group is proline? No, proline has a cyclic R - group.

Wait, the key is the functional implications:

• Hydrophilic (phil): Amino acids with polar R - groups (like serine with $\ce{-OH}$) that interact favorably with water (love water).
• Hydrophobic (phob): Amino acids with non - polar R - groups (like valine with $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$ and the second amino acid with a non - polar, double - bonded carbon R - group) that do not interact favorably with water (fear water).

So, to match the labels:

• First amino acid (serine - $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$) → Hydrophilic (phil - water)
• Second amino acid (with non - polar, double - bonded R - group) → Hydrophobic (phob - water)
• Third amino acid (valine - $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$) → Hydrophobic (phob - water)

If we assume the labels are "hydrophilic" (related to "phil") and "hydrophobic" (related to "phob"):

1. First amino acid: Hydrophilic (because $\ce{-OH}$ in R - group forms H - bonds with water, "loves" water)
2. Second amino acid: Hydrophobic (non - polar R - group, "fears" water)
3. Third amino acid: Hydrophobic (non - polar, branched R - group, "fears" water)

Since the problem is a drag - and - drop, and we need to match the amino acids to their functional implications (phil = love (water - loving, hydrophilic) and phob = fear (water - fearing, hydrophobic)):

• Amino acid with $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$ (serine) → Hydrophilic (phil)
• Amino acids with non - polar R - groups (the other two) → Hydrophobic (phob)

So, the matching would be:

• First amino acid ( $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$ ) ↔ Hydrophilic (phil - water)
• Second amino acid (non - polar R - group with double bond) ↔ Hydrophobic (phob - water)
• Third amino acid ( $\ce{-CH(CH3)2}$ ) ↔ Hydrophobic (phob - water)

If we were to name the amino acids:

1. Serine (R = $\ce{-CH2 - OH}$)
2. Let's assume the second amino acid is phenylalanine? No, the R - group with a double bond is more like tryptophan? No, I think the second amino acid is leucine? No, I'm overcomplicating. The key is the functional implication: polar R - group (hydrophilic, phil) and non - polar R - groups (hydrophobic, phob).

So, the answer (assuming the labels are hydrophilic and hydrophobic) is:

• First amino acid: Hydrophilic (matches "phil" - loves water)
• Second and third amino acids: Hydrophobic (match "phob" - fear water)