Question

use the text to answer each question below.

1. \chromosomes\, located in the

ucleus\ of cells, serve as dna storage. each chromosome contains proteins called histones, around which the \dna\ is neatly coiled—like an incredibly long strand of thread wound around a spool. there are 46 \dna spools\ per human cell, organized into 23 pairs. of each chromosome pair, one is inherited from the biological mother, the other from the biological father. organisms with two complete sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent, are known as diploid. human egg and sperm cells are the exception to the 46-chromosomes-per-cell rule. these cells are haploid; they each contain just one set of chromosomes. when a sperm and egg combine, the two sets of 23 chromosomes come together, enabling the offspring to inherit traits from both parents.
in regard to its ( ), a chromosome is similar to a spool of thread.
a. color
b. structure
c. chemical composition
d. length

1. humans are not unique in having diploid cells, although the number of chromosomes per cell varies across \organisms\. cats, for instance, have two sets of 19 chromosomes per cell, while fruit flies have two sets of eight chromosomes per cell. many plants are also diploid, including pineapple, aloe, and venus flytraps. however, some plant species are polyploid, with more than two sets of chromosomes per cell. for example, the \coffea arabica\ plant, which produces coffee beans, is tetraploid, with four chromosome copies per cell. and the adder’s tongue fern is 96-ploid, with 96 sets of chromosomes per cell. each cell in this plant contains a total of 1,400 chromosomes—the highest known to science.

which of these does not have diploid cells?
a. coffee plants
b. humans
c. cats
d. venus flytraps

Explanation:

Question 1

The text says a chromosome has proteins (histones) around which DNA is coiled, like a thread around a spool. This describes the physical arrangement (structure), not color, chemical composition, or length. So the answer is related to structure.

The text states that coffee plants (Coffea arabica) are tetraploid (more than two sets of chromosomes), meaning they are polyploid, not diploid. Humans, cats, and Venus flytraps are described as having diploid cells.

Answer:

B. structure

Question 2