Question

1. use the word hydrophobic or hydrophilic to complete the following: a. ____________ molecules like to interact with water. b. __________ molecules do not like to interact with water. c. ____________ molecules like to interact with hydrophobic molecules. 3. explain why water is called a polar molecule. 4. how does water dissolve sodium chloride (nacl) salt? 5. draw the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane (find a picture in the textbook or online). label the hydrophobic part and the hydrophilic parts. knowing that the cells cytoplasm (cytosol) is made up of a lot of water and that the environment outside the cell

Explanation:

a. Hydrophilic molecules have an affinity for water due to their polar nature which allows them to form hydrogen - bonds with water molecules.
b. Hydrophobic molecules are non - polar and do not form hydrogen bonds with water, so they repel water.
c. Hydrophobic molecules interact with other hydrophobic molecules through van der Waals forces and other non - polar interactions.

Water is a polar molecule because the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms. This causes the oxygen to pull the shared electrons closer to itself, creating a partial negative charge on the oxygen and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms.

Water dissolves sodium chloride by surrounding the sodium and chloride ions. The partial negative charge of the oxygen in water is attracted to the sodium ions, and the partial positive charge of the hydrogen in water is attracted to the chloride ions, pulling the ions apart.

For drawing the phospholipid bilayer, the hydrophilic heads face the water - rich environments (inside and outside the cell) and the hydrophobic tails face each other in the interior of the bilayer.

Answer:

a. Hydrophilic
b. Hydrophobic
c. Hydrophobic