Question

3.4 vocabulary check passive transport concentration gradient diffusion osmosis isotonic hypertonic hypotonic facilitated diffusion mark it up go back and highlight each sentence that has a vocabulary word in bold. 1. which two words mean nearly the same thing? 2. which word includes a \helper?\ 3. which word describes a slope? 3.4 the big picture 4. how does passive transport benefit a cell? 5. why do cells need facilitated diffusion? 6. why does a cell swell in a hypotonic solution?

Explanation:

1. Diffusion and osmosis are both passive - transport processes related to the movement of substances. Osmosis is specifically the diffusion of water across a semi - permeable membrane.
2. Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins (helpers) to move substances across the cell membrane.
3. Concentration gradient describes the difference in concentration of a substance between two areas, similar to a slope in terms of the change in concentration over a distance.
4. Passive transport benefits a cell by allowing it to obtain necessary substances (like oxygen and water) and remove waste without using energy.
5. Cells need facilitated diffusion for substances that cannot pass freely through the lipid - bilayer of the cell membrane, such as polar molecules and ions.
6. A cell swells in a hypotonic solution because water moves into the cell (osmosis) due to a higher solute concentration inside the cell compared to the outside.

Answer:

1. Diffusion, osmosis
2. Facilitated diffusion
3. Concentration gradient
4. Allows obtaining necessary substances and removing waste without energy use.
5. For substances that cannot pass freely through the cell membrane.
6. Water moves into the cell due to osmosis as there is a higher solute concentration inside the cell.