Question

we can develop a market economy under socialism
modernization does represent a great new revolution. the aim of our revolution is to liberate and expand the productive forces. without expanding the productive forces, making our country prosperous and powerful, and improving the living standards of the people, our revolution is just empty talk. we oppose the old society and the old system because they oppressed the people and fettered the productive forces. we are clear about this problem now. the gang of four leaders of the cultural revolution said it was better to be poor under socialism than to be rich under capitalism. this is absurd.
—deng xiaoping, 1979
what can be inferred about deng’s beliefs about capitalism, based on this passage?
he agrees with all of the principles of capitalism.
he rejects all of the principles of communism.
he thinks that capitalism has some benefits in a socialist system.
he believes that there is no room for capitalist principles in a socialist system.

Explanation:

• Option 1: The passage emphasizes developing a market economy under socialism, not agreeing with all capitalist principles. Eliminate.
• Option 2: The focus is on capitalism's role in socialism, not rejecting communism. Eliminate.
• Option 3: The idea of a market economy under socialism (to expand productive forces) implies capitalism has beneficial elements for socialism. This fits.
• Option 4: The passage supports using market (capitalist - like) elements in socialism, so this is wrong.

Answer:

C. He thinks that capitalism has some benefits in a socialist system.