Question

what is a biological, chemical, or physical entity that is capable of causing disease?
pathogen
agent
reservoir
fomite
question 2 (2 points)
a nurse who becomes ill after handling a patients bed linens, has contracted an illness through which mode of transmission?
contact
droplet
airborne
vector
question 3 (4 points)
using your course-room resources, name and define the two types of flora microorganisms.

Explanation:

Question 1

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Pathogen: A pathogen is a biological agent (like a virus, bacteria) that causes disease, but the question includes chemical and physical entities too.
• Agent: An agent in the context of disease causation can be biological, chemical, or physical and is capable of causing disease.
• Reservoir: A reservoir is a place where the agent lives, not the agent itself.
• Fomite: A fomite is a non - living object that can transmit disease, not the entity causing the disease.

We analyze each transmission mode:

• Contact: Contact transmission can be direct or indirect. Handling bed linens (an inanimate object) and then getting ill is indirect contact transmission.
• Droplet: Droplet transmission involves large droplets from coughing/sneezing, not related to bed linens.
• Airborne: Airborne transmission involves small particles suspended in air, not bed linens.
• Vector: Vector transmission involves organisms like mosquitoes, not bed linens.

The two types of flora microorganisms are:

1. Resident Flora: These are microorganisms that live on or in the body for an extended period, often for years. They are relatively stable and do not cause disease under normal circumstances. For example, the normal flora of the skin, like Staphylococcus epidermidis, which helps prevent the colonization of pathogenic organisms.
2. Transient Flora: These are microorganisms that are temporarily present on the body's surface or in cavities. They are picked up from the environment and do not establish a permanent residence. They can include various bacteria that we come into contact with during daily activities, and some of them may be pathogenic.

Answer:

B. Agent

Question 2