Question

1. what economic system, characterized by private ownership and the pursuit of profit, emerged during the 19th century?

a. socialism
b. global capitalism
c. mercantilism
d. feudalism

1. what resource became essential for the british textile industry during the industrial revolution?

a. rubber
b. silk
c. tea
d. cotton

Explanation:

1. For the first question: Socialism focuses on collective ownership, mercantilism was dominant before the 19th century centered on trade surpluses, feudalism was a medieval system with land-based hierarchy. Global capitalism, marked by private ownership and profit pursuit, emerged and expanded in the 19th century alongside industrialization.
2. For the second question: Rubber was used for other industrial goods, silk was a luxury textile not the core of the British Industrial Revolution textile sector, tea was a traded consumer good. Cotton was the primary raw material for mechanized spinning and weaving mills that defined the British textile industry during the Industrial Revolution.

Answer:

1. b. Global capitalism
2. d. Cotton