Question

1. what do most historians say caused the civil war?
2. what did the industrial north favor? what about southern states?
3. why was the missouri compromise passed? what was in the compromise?
4. why was the compromise of 1850 needed? what state entered as a free state? why were northerners upset about the fugitive slave law?
5. what impact did uncle toms cabin and frederick douglass autobiography have on the united states?
6. what did the fugitive slave law state? how did northerners react?
7. why did the idea of popular sovereignty, which was passed in the kansas - nebraska act backfire and lead to creating more tension in the country?
8. what was bleeding kansas? how is it connected to the idea of popular sovereignty?
9. who was dred scott and why did he sue for his freedom? what was the outcome of the case? (what did the case say about the rights of enslaved people and what happened to the missouri compromise?)
10. why did john brown raid harpers ferry? what did the southern states create in fear of a massive uprising?
11. what did southern states do once abraham lincoln was elected?

Explanation:

1. Most historians point to slavery as the main cause of the Civil - War, with issues like states' rights often linked to the protection of the institution of slavery.
2. The industrial North favored protective tariffs, internal improvements, and a strong national government. The southern states favored low tariffs, agriculture - based economy, and states' rights.
3. The Missouri Compromise was passed to maintain the balance between slave and free states in Congress. It admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state and prohibited slavery north of 36°30' latitude in the Louisiana Purchase territory.
4. The Compromise of 1850 was needed to resolve disputes over territory gained from the Mexican - American War. California entered as a free state. Northerners were upset about the Fugitive Slave Law because it required them to assist in the capture and return of runaway slaves, going against their anti - slavery sentiments.
5. Uncle Tom's Cabin and Frederick Douglass' autobiography increased anti - slavery sentiment in the North, fueling the abolitionist movement and heightening sectional tensions.
6. The Fugitive Slave Law required citizens to assist in the capture of runaway slaves and denied slaves the right to a jury trial. Northerners reacted with resistance, including aiding fugitive slaves and protesting the law.
7. The idea of popular sovereignty in the Kansas - Nebraska Act backfired because it led to violent struggles between pro - slavery and anti - slavery settlers in Kansas as they tried to sway the state's stance on slavery through voting.
8. Bleeding Kansas was a series of violent confrontations between pro - slavery and anti - slavery groups in Kansas over the issue of slavery. It was connected to popular sovereignty as the concept was used to determine whether Kansas would be a slave or free state.
9. Dred Scott was an enslaved man who sued for his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that he was not a citizen and had no right to sue, and that Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in the territories, effectively nullifying the Missouri Compromise.
10. John Brown raided Harper's Ferry to start a slave insurrection. Southern states created militias in fear of a massive slave uprising.
11. Once Abraham Lincoln was elected, southern states began to secede from the Union, fearing that his anti - slavery stance would threaten their way of life and the institution of slavery.

Answer:

1. Slavery is the main cause pointed by most historians.
2. North: Protective tariffs, internal improvements, strong national government. South: Low tariffs, agriculture - based economy, states' rights.
3. Passed to maintain slave - free state balance. Admitted Missouri as slave state, Maine as free state, prohibited slavery north of 36°30' in Louisiana Purchase territory.
4. Needed to resolve territorial disputes. California entered as free state. Northerners upset as it required them to assist in capturing runaway slaves.
5. Increased anti - slavery sentiment in North, fueled abolitionist movement, heightened sectional tensions.
6. Required assistance in capturing runaways, denied jury trials. Northerners resisted and protested.
7. Led to violent struggles between pro - and anti - slavery settlers over Kansas' slavery stance.
8. Series of violent confrontations over slavery in Kansas. Connected as popular sovereignty was used to decide Kansas' slavery status.
9. Enslaved man who sued for freedom. Court ruled he had no right to sue, nullified Missouri Compromise.
10. To start slave insurrection. Southern states created militias.
11. Southern states began to secede from the Union.