Question

1. what do the shia believe?
2. what areas did muslims trade with?
3. who are the primary islamic scholars and what are their fields?
4. what goods were traded on the muslim trade routes?

Explanation:

1. For question 5: Shia Islam holds that leadership of the Muslim community after Muhammad should have passed to his cousin and son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib and his descendants, rejecting the first three Rashidun caliphs. They also emphasize the concept of Imams, divinely appointed religious and political leaders with infallibility.
2. For question 6: Muslim traders established networks across the Middle East, North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, Central Asia, India, Southeast Asia, and parts of East Africa, trading with these regions and their local populations.
3. For question 7: Primary Islamic Scholars include figures like Imam Abu Hanifa (founder of the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence), Imam Malik (Maliki school), Imam al-Shafi'i (Shafi'i school), Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (Hanbali school), and theologians like al-Ghazali. Their fields include Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), theology (kalam), Quranic exegesis (tafsir), and hadith studies.
4. For question 8: Goods traded included spices (pepper, cinnamon), textiles (silk, cotton), precious metals (gold, silver), ivory, slaves, glassware, ceramics, and agricultural products like dates and grains.

Answer:

1. Shia believe leadership after Muhammad should go to Ali ibn Abi Talib and his descendant Imams, who are infallible religious/political leaders, rejecting the first three Rashidun caliphs.
2. Muslim traders traded with regions including the Middle East, North Africa, Iberian Peninsula, Central Asia, India, Southeast Asia, and East Africa.
3. Primary Islamic Scholars include Abu Hanifa (Hanafi jurisprudence), Malik (Maliki jurisprudence), al-Shafi'i (Shafi'i jurisprudence), Ahmad ibn Hanbal (Hanbali jurisprudence), and al-Ghazali (theology). Their fields are Islamic jurisprudence, theology, Quranic exegesis, and hadith studies.
4. Traded goods included spices, silk/cotton textiles, precious metals, ivory, glassware, ceramics, and agricultural products.