9. what is the sugar in dna?
10. what pairs with adenine?
11. what pairs with thymine?
12. what pairs with cytosine?
13. what pairs with guanine?
14. what is the complementary sequence on the other strand for cataga?
15. on one side of the molecule the sequence is tacaaaggcatt, what would be the complementary sequence?
16. what holds the center of the dna ladder together?
17. where is dna found in animal cells? (2 answers)

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Accepted Answer

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
In DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the sugar component is deoxyribose. Deoxyribose is a pentose sugar (5 - carbon sugar) that differs from ribose (the sugar in RNA) by the absence of an oxygen atom on the 2' carbon.
# Answer:
Deoxyribose

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
In DNA base - pairing (according to Chargaff's rules and the Watson - Crick model of DNA structure), Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) through two hydrogen bonds.
# Answer:
Thymine (T)

### Question 11
# Brief Explanations:
Based on the base - pairing rules of DNA, Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A) via two hydrogen bonds.
# Answer:
Adenine (A)

### Question 12
# Brief Explanations:
In the DNA double - helix structure, Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G) through three hydrogen bonds, following the complementary base - pairing rules.
# Answer:
Guanine (G)

### Question 13
# Brief Explanations:
According to the base - pairing principles in DNA, Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C) with three hydrogen bonds holding them together.
# Answer:
Cytosine (C)

### Question 14
# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall base - pairing rules
In DNA, A pairs with T, T pairs with A, C pairs with G, and G pairs with C.
## Step 2: Analyze each base in the sequence CATAGA
- For the first base 'C', its complement is 'G'.
- For the second base 'A', its complement is 'T'.
- For the third base 'T', its complement is 'A'.
- For the fourth base 'A', its complement is 'T'.
- For the fifth base 'G', its complement is 'C'.
- For the sixth base 'A', its complement is 'T'.
So, by replacing each base with its complementary base, we get the sequence GTATCT.
# Answer:
GTATCT

### Question 15
# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall base - pairing rules
A pairs with T, T pairs with A, C pairs with G, G pairs with C.
## Step 2: Analyze each base in the sequence TACAAAGGCATT
- 'T' pairs with 'A'
- 'A' pairs with 'T'
- 'C' pairs with 'G'
- 'A' pairs with 'T'
- 'A' pairs with 'T'
- 'A' pairs with 'T'
- 'G' pairs with 'C'
- 'G' pairs with 'C'
- 'C' pairs with 'G'
- 'A' pairs with 'T'
- 'T' pairs with 'A'
- 'T' pairs with 'A'

Putting it all together, the complementary sequence is ATGTTTCCGTAA.
# Answer:
ATGTTTCCGTAA

### Question 16
# Brief Explanations:
The center of the DNA ladder (the rungs of the ladder - like structure) is composed of the base pairs. The force that holds the base pairs (and thus the center of the DNA ladder) together is hydrogen bonds. Specifically, Adenine - Thymine pairs are held by two hydrogen bonds and Guanine - Cytosine pairs are held by three hydrogen bonds.
# Answer:
Hydrogen bonds (between complementary base pairs)

### Question 17
# Brief Explanations:
In animal cells, DNA is mainly found in the nucleus, where it is organized into chromosomes. Additionally, a small amount of DNA is also present in the mitochondria (mitochondrial DNA), which is inherited maternally and is involved in energy - related functions of the cell.
# Answer:
Nucleus and Mitochondria

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