Question

1. when humans and other animals consume carbohydrates, they will be primarily used for...... (1 pt)

a. building new body parts like muscle, skin, and hair.
b. storing energy over many years.
c. immediate energy needs like movement.
d. storing genetic information in cells.

1. when a lion eats a gazelle, which macromolecule is it primarily consuming? (1 pt)

a. carbohydrates
b. proteins
c. lipids
d. nucleic acids

1. when a lion digests a meal, what are the proteins broken down into? (1 pt)

a. amino acids
b. monosaccharides
c. fatty acids
d. nucleotides

1. plants make glucose (sugar) during photosynthesis and put it together in long chains to make starch and cellulose. starch and cellulose can best be described as...... (1 pt)

a. proteins
b. disaccharides
c. lipids
d. polysaccharides (complex carbs)

1. what roles do proteins play in animals? (multiple select—choose as many as are correct) (2 pts)

a. storing genetic information
b. speeding up chemical reactions (enzymes)
c. main energy source for cells
d. making up the bodies of animals (skin, muscle, hair, nails, etc.)
e. long - term energy storage
f. making up plant matter (leaves, stems, roots, etc.)

1. glycine in a non - essential amino acid. in animals, glycine can be made from glucose. see the chemical reaction below: glucose (c6h12o6)+nitrogen (n)→glycine (c2h5no2)

(4 pts)
a. identify the elements found in both glucose & glycine.
b. what must happen to glucose so it can be converted into glycine?
c. based on the elements found in glycine, what additional element is needed to make it from glucose?
d. where do animals get it?

Explanation:

1. Carbohydrates are broken - down for immediate energy.
2. A gazelle's body is mainly made of proteins.
3. Proteins are digested into amino - acids.
4. Starch and cellulose are polysaccharides.
5. Proteins function as enzymes and make up animal bodies.

6a. Glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) and glycine ($C_2H_5NO_2$) both contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O).
6b. Nitrogen must be added to glucose.
6c. Nitrogen is the additional element needed.
6d. Animals get nitrogen from the food they eat, especially protein - rich foods.

Answer:

1. c. immediate energy needs like movement.
2. b. Proteins
3. a. Amino acids
4. d. polysaccharides (complex carbs)
5. b. Speeding up chemical reactions (enzymes); d. Making up the bodies of animals (skin, muscle, hair, nails, etc.)

6a. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
6b. Nitrogen must be added.
6c. Nitrogen
6d. From the food they eat, especially protein - rich foods.