Question

1. which of the following structures is involved in protein synthesis? a. vacuoles b. lysosomes c. mitochondria d. ribosomes 2. what is the role of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells? a. providing structural support and facilitating molecular transport b. synthesizing lipids and proteins c. generating energy d. storing genetic material 3. where are ribosomes found within a eukaryotic cell? a. only within the mitochondria b. only within the nucleus c. only attached to the golgi apparatus d. both free - floating in the cytoplasm and attached to the rough er 4. where are ribosomes partially assembled in the cell? a. cytoplasm b. endoplasmic reticulum c. nucleolus d. mitochondria 5. which structure in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis? a. mitochondria b. golgi apparatus c. chloroplasts d. ribosomes 6. what role does the cell wall play in prokaryotic cells? a. it controls the passage of substances to and out of the cell b. it provides structural support and protection c. it synthesizes new proteins d. it stores the cells genetic material 7. what process occurs within the mitochondria? a. protein synthesis b. lipid processing c. dna replication d. cellular respiration

Explanation:

1. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis. Lysosomes are for digestion, mitochondria for energy - production, and peroxisomes for breaking down fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide.
2. The cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells provides structural support and facilitates molecular transport. It doesn't synthesize lipids and proteins (endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes do), doesn't generate energy (mitochondria), and doesn't store genetic material (nucleus).
3. Ribosomes are found both free - floating in the cytoplasm and attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells.
4. Ribosomes are partially assembled in the nucleolus.
5. Chloroplasts in plant cells are responsible for photosynthesis. Mitochondria are for cellular respiration, Golgi apparatus for modifying, sorting and packaging proteins and lipids, and ribosomes for protein synthesis.
6. The cell wall in prokaryotic cells provides structural support and protection. The cell membrane controls the passage of substances, ribosomes synthesize proteins, and the cell wall doesn't store genetic material (nucleoid does).
7. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes, lipid processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, and DNA replication in the nucleus (in eukaryotes) or the nucleoid (in prokaryotes).

Answer:

1. d. Ribosomes
2. a. Providing structural support and facilitating molecular transport
3. d. Both free - floating in the cytoplasm and attached to the rough ER
4. c. Nucleolus
5. c. Chloroplasts
6. b. It provides structural support and protection
7. d. Cellular respiration