Question

which layer’s movement directly creates earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains? lower mantle only outer core inner core lithosphere (crust + upper mantle)

Explanation:

Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains form due to the movement and interaction of tectonic plates. These tectonic plates make up the lithosphere, which is composed of the Earth's crust and the rigid upper mantle. The lower mantle, outer core, and inner core do not directly drive these surface geological features.

Answer:

D. Lithosphere (crust + upper mantle)