Question

which statements are properties of protein - based active transport? nonpolar substances diffuse through the plasma membrane. substances move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. substances pass through the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient. the cell spends energy to form vesicles to transport substances across the plasma membrane. the cell spends energy to move substances through a protein across the plasma membrane.

Explanation:

Protein - based active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) and requires energy. Vesicle - formation is not part of simple protein - based active transport. Nonpolar substances diffusing through the plasma membrane is passive transport, and substances moving down a concentration gradient is also passive transport.

Answer:

Substances move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
The cell spends energy to move substances through a protein across the plasma membrane.