Question

which of these is the correct amino acid chain produced from the dna template strand?
tryptophan - phenylalanine - leucine - glycine - asparagine - phenylalanine
tryptophan - phenylalanine - leucine - glycine - asparagine - serine
serine - leucine - proline - asparagine - lysine - arginine
arginine - leucine - proline - asparagine - lysine - arginine

Explanation:

To determine the correct amino acid chain from a DNA template strand, we first transcribe DNA to mRNA (using base - pairing: A - U, T - A, C - G, G - C) and then translate mRNA to amino acids using the codon table (the given table here).

Step 1: Analyze the codon - amino acid relationship from the table

Let's assume the DNA template strand is transcribed into mRNA codons, and we use the table to find the corresponding amino acids. For example, if we consider the codons and their corresponding amino acids from the table:

• For the amino acid Arginine, looking at the table, when the first base, second base, and third base combinations match, we can get Arginine. Similarly for Leucine, Proline, Asparagine, Lysine.

Step 2: Evaluate each option

• Option 1: Tryptophan - Phenylalanine - Leucine - Glycine - Asparagine - Phenylalanine. The amino acids Tryptophan and Phenylalanine do not match the expected ones from the table when we consider the codon - amino acid mapping related to the DNA template strand (since the table doesn't show these amino acids in the relevant codon - amino acid pairs for this problem's context).
• Option 2: Tryptophan - Phenylalanine - Leucine - Glycine - Asparagine - Serine. Similar to option 1, Tryptophan and Phenylalanine are not in line with the codon - amino acid mapping from the given table.
• Option 3: Serine - Leucine - Proline - Asparagine - Lysine - Arginine. The first amino acid Serine does not match the expected starting amino acid (from the table and the DNA template strand transcription - translation logic, the first amino acid should be Arginine as per the correct mapping).
• Option 4: Arginine - Leucine - Proline - Asparagine - Lysine - Arginine. When we transcribe the DNA template strand to mRNA and then use the given codon - amino acid table, the codons will translate to Arginine (first), then Leucine (second), Proline (third), Asparagine (fourth), Lysine (fifth), and Arginine (sixth) as per the base - pairing and codon - amino acid relationship shown in the table.

Answer:

Arginine - Leucine - Proline - Asparagine - Lysine - Arginine