Question

1. why do the northern and southern hemispheres have opposite seasons?

Explanation:

The Earth is tilted on its axis as it orbits the Sun. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, it receives more direct sunlight and has summer. At the same time, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away and has winter, and vice - versa.

Answer:

The Northern and Southern Hemispheres have opposite seasons because of the Earth's axial tilt as it orbits the Sun. When one hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, it experiences summer, while the other, tilted away, experiences winter.