11. which planet(s) have shorter days than earth?
12. which planet has a period of revolution shorter than its period of rotation?
a. what odd result would this planet experience due to having a period of revolution shorter than its period of rotation?
density:
13. how do planet densities change as the distance from the planet to the sun increases?
14. the density of water is 1 g/ml³. which planet would float if it could be placed in a large body of water?

Question

11. which planet(s) have shorter days than earth?
12. which planet has a period of revolution shorter than its period of rotation?
    a. what odd result would this planet experience due to having a period of revolution shorter than its period of rotation?
density:
13. how do planet densities change as the distance from the planet to the sun increases?
14. the density of water is 1 g/ml³. which planet would float if it could be placed in a large body of water?

Accepted Answer

### Question 11
# Brief Explanations:
To determine which planets have shorter days (shorter rotational periods) than Earth, we recall the rotational periods of planets. Earth's rotational period is about 24 hours. Planets like Jupiter (≈9.9 hours), Saturn (≈10.7 hours), Uranus (≈17.2 hours), and Neptune (≈16.1 hours) have shorter rotational periods (shorter days) than Earth. Also, Mercury has a rotational period of about 58.6 days (longer than Earth's day), Venus has a rotational period of about 243 days (longer than Earth's day). So Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune have shorter days than Earth.
# Answer:
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune (planets with rotational periods shorter than Earth's 24 - hour day)

### Question 12
#### Part (Main Question)
# Brief Explanations:
The period of revolution is the time to orbit the Sun, and period of rotation is the time to spin on its axis. Venus has a period of revolution (≈225 days) shorter than its period of rotation (≈243 days).
# Answer:
Venus

#### Part (a)
# Brief Explanations:
If a planet's revolution period is shorter than its rotation period, it means the planet orbits the Sun faster than it spins on its axis. For Venus, this leads to a retrograde (backward - relative to other planets) apparent motion of the Sun in its sky, and also means that a "day" (time from one sunrise to the next) on Venus is longer than its year (period of revolution).
# Answer:
The planet would have a day (time between successive sunrises) longer than its year, and the Sun would appear to move retrograde (backward) across its sky.

### Question 13
# Brief Explanations:
Inner planets (terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) are closer to the Sun and are composed mainly of rock and metal, so they have higher densities (e.g., Earth's density ≈5.5 g/cm³). Outer planets (gas giants: Jupiter, Saturn; ice giants: Uranus, Neptune) are farther from the Sun and are composed mainly of gases (and ices for ice giants), so they have lower densities (e.g., Jupiter's density ≈1.33 g/cm³, Saturn's density is less than water's density). As the distance from the Sun increases, planet densities generally decrease.
# Answer:
As the distance from the Sun increases, planet densities generally decrease (terrestrial planets near the Sun have higher densities, outer gas/ice giants have lower densities).

### Question 14
# Brief Explanations:
The density of water is $1\space g/mL$ (or $1\space g/cm^3$). We compare the densities of planets with water's density. Saturn has a density of about $0.687\space g/cm^3$, which is less than the density of water ($1\space g/cm^3$). So if Saturn could be placed in a large enough body of water, it would float.
# Answer:
Saturn (since its density ($\approx0.687\space g/cm^3$) is less than water's density ($1\space g/cm^3$))

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Question

Explanation:

Question 11

Answer:

Question 12

Part (Main Question)