12) ____ which of the below encouraged the \scramble\ for africa among european nations during the nineteenth century?
a. demand for raw materials b. desire for new markets
c. demand for enslaved people d. a & b
e. c & d f. none of the above
13) ____ during the nineteenth century, european and american womens rights were
a. equal to that of men. b. not equal to that of men.
14) ____ which scientist asserted that mankind was descended from an ape - like creature?
a. albert einstein b. marie curie
c. charles darwin d. sigmund freud
answer the following questions.
15) list two energy sources important to the second phase of the industrial revolution.

16) during the nineteenth century, why did marxists oppose capitalism?

answer true or false.
17) ____ the united states annexed japan in the nineteenth century, using its natural resources for its own ends.
18) ____ after its decision by the qing rulers to modernize china, the country rose quickly to the status of a world power.
19) ____ impressionism emphasizes the actual appearance of a subject rather than the artists impression of it.
20) ____ the liberation of the serfs in russia led to a long period of social equality and peace.

Question

12) ____ which of the below encouraged the \scramble\ for africa among european nations during the nineteenth century?
a. demand for raw materials  b. desire for new markets
c. demand for enslaved people  d. a & b
e. c & d  f. none of the above
13) ____ during the nineteenth century, european and american womens rights were
a. equal to that of men.  b. not equal to that of men.
14) ____ which scientist asserted that mankind was descended from an ape - like creature?
a. albert einstein  b. marie curie
c. charles darwin  d. sigmund freud
answer the following questions.
15) list two energy sources important to the second phase of the industrial revolution.

16) during the nineteenth century, why did marxists oppose capitalism?

answer true or false.
17) ____ the united states annexed japan in the nineteenth century, using its natural resources for its own ends.
18) ____ after its decision by the qing rulers to modernize china, the country rose quickly to the status of a world power.
19) ____ impressionism emphasizes the actual appearance of a subject rather than the artists impression of it.
20) ____ the liberation of the serfs in russia led to a long period of social equality and peace.

Accepted Answer

### Question 12
# Brief Explanations:
In the 19th - century "scramble for Africa", European nations wanted raw materials (A) for their industries and new markets (B) to sell their goods. The demand for enslaved people (C) was more of a pre - 19th - century (especially the trans - Atlantic slave trade era) factor. So A and B are correct.
# Answer:
D. A & B

### Question 13
# Brief Explanations:
In the 19th century, women in Europe and America had fewer rights than men. They were restricted in areas like voting, property ownership, and employment opportunities. So their rights were not equal to men's.
# Answer:
B. not equal to that of men.

### Question 14
# Brief Explanations:
Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution, which stated that mankind descended from ape - like creatures. Albert Einstein was known for his work in physics (theory of relativity), Marie Curie for her work on radioactivity, and Sigmund Freud for his work in psychology (psychoanalysis).
# Answer:
C. Charles Darwin

### Question 15
# Brief Explanations:
The second phase of the Industrial Revolution (late 19th century) saw the increased use of oil (for example, in internal combustion engines) and electricity (for powering machinery, lighting, etc.). Coal was also still important, but oil and electricity were key new energy sources of this phase.
# Answer:
Two energy sources important to the second phase of the Industrial Revolution are oil and electricity. (Other possible answers: coal, natural gas - but oil and electricity are very characteristic of the second Industrial Revolution)

### Question 16
# Brief Explanations:
Marxists opposed capitalism in the 19th century because they believed capitalism created a class struggle between the bourgeoisie (owners of capital) and the proletariat (workers). The bourgeoisie exploited the proletariat by paying them low wages while taking the surplus value of their labor. Also, capitalism led to alienation of workers from their work, products, and fellow workers. It created economic inequality, with the rich getting richer and the poor getting poorer, and periodic economic crises.
# Answer:
Marxists opposed capitalism in the 19th century because they believed it exploited the working class (proletariat) through the bourgeoisie's appropriation of surplus value, created class conflict, led to worker alienation, economic inequality, and periodic economic crises.

### Question 17
# Brief Explanations:
The United States did not annex Japan in the 19th century. In the 19th century, Japan was forced to open its ports by the United States (Perry's expedition), but there was no annexation. Japan later modernized on its own terms.
# Answer:
False

### Question 18
# Brief Explanations:
The Qing rulers' attempts at modernization (like the Self - Strengthening Movement) were limited and not very successful. China faced many problems like foreign imperialism, internal rebellions, and a lack of comprehensive reform. It did not rise quickly to become a world power. In fact, China's status declined during the late Qing period.
# Answer:
False

### Question 19
# Brief Explanations:
Impressionism emphasizes the artist's impression of a subject, especially in terms of light, color, and momentary effects, rather than the actual, detailed appearance of the subject. For example, Impressionist painters would try to capture the feeling of a scene at a particular time of day with light and color, not a precise, realistic depiction.
# Answer:
False

### Question 20
# Brief Explanations:
The liberation of serfs in Russia (1861) did not lead to a long period of social equality and peace. After emancipation, former serfs still faced economic hardships, and there were still social divisions between different classes. Russia also faced political unrest and later revolutions (like the 1905 Revolution and the 1917 Revolutions).
# Answer:
False

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