Question

1. antibiotics are medicines that slow the growth of disease - causing bacteria. one of the ways the antibiotics work is by interfering with the normal functioning of bacterial ribosomes. how does this interference reduce the rate of bacterial reproduction?

a by preventing the bacterial cell from synthesizing essential proteins
b by increasing the rate at which bacterial cells go through the cell cycle
c by blocking the bacterial cell’s access to nutrients from the host organism
d by allowing harmful substances to enter the bacterial cell through its membrane

Explanation:

Bacterial ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis. Antibiotics that interfere with bacterial ribosomes would prevent the bacterial cell from synthesizing essential proteins. Option A says this. Option B is incorrect as antibiotics don't increase bacterial cell cycle rate. Option C is about nutrient access, not ribosome function. Option D is about harmful substances entering, not ribosome interference.

Answer:

A. By preventing the bacterial cell from synthesizing essential proteins