Question

302 mastering the grade 10 global history curriculum
“we have triumphed in the effort to implant hope in the breasts of the millions of our people. we enter into an covenant agreement that we shall build the society in which all south africans, both black and white, will be able to walk tall, without any fear in their hearts, assured of their inalienable right to human dignity—a nation at peace with itself and the world ....”
—nelson mandela, excerpt from his inaugural address

1. these words were delivered in 1994 by nelson mandela, the president of south africa, to praise his countrymen’s decision to reject
2. nationalism
3. pan - africanism
4. apartheid
5. democracy
6. the election of nelson mandela in 1994 as president of south africa marked a major turning point in south africa because it
7. led south africa to declare its independence from british rule
8. marked the election of the first black person as president
9. supported a move by the nation to adopt communist policies
10. limited political freedom and rights for whites in south africa
11. what best explains the large number of refugee camps next to rwanda?
12. attacks by the tutsis against the hutu population
13. assassinations by the khmer rouge
14. janjaweed assaults on africans who are muslim
15. serbian massacres against the croats
16. the united nations has labeled the events that took place in rwanda as
17. genocide
18. imperialism
19. slavery
20. collectivization
21. what would a study of the events in rwanda indicate?
22. ethnic conflict was not a factor in the late 1900s.
23. the united nations was successful in resolving these disputes.
24. genocide was often used as a political and military tactic.
25. civilians were usually not affected by these disputes.

refugee camp populations (december 1994)
—un high commissioner for refugees. december 1994 (adapted)

Explanation:

1. Nelson Mandela's speech reflects the end of apartheid, a system of racial segregation in South - Africa. The rejection of apartheid is what he is praising.
2. Nelson Mandela's election in 1994 as the first black President of South Africa marked a major turning point as it was a symbol of the end of apartheid and the beginning of a more inclusive democracy.
3. The large number of refugee camps next to Rwanda was due to the Tutsi - Hutu ethnic conflict and the subsequent violence, including the Rwandan Genocide.
4. The United Nations has labeled the events in Rwanda as genocide, which was the mass killing of Tutsis and moderate Hutus by Hutu extremists in 1994.
5. The events in Rwanda, including the genocide, indicate that genocide was often used as a political and military tactic.

Answer:

1. 3. apartheid
2. 2. marked the election of the first black person as president
3. 1. attacks by the Tutsis against the Hutu population
4. 1. genocide
5. 3. Genocide was often used as a political and military tactic.