Question

1. a researcher collects data on the heights of 500 adults. he calculates the average height and the spread of the data. this type of analysis, which summarizes and describes the characteristics of the data, is known as what? a. inferential statistics b. qualitative research c. descriptive statistics d. quantitative research 41. a researcher is studying the effects of a new exercise program on participants weight. she notices that the average weight of the participants has decreased by 10 pounds. this measure of central tendency is called? a. mean b. median c. mode d. range e. standard deviation 42. a psychologist is studying the effectiveness of a new teaching method. he randomly assigns students to either the group that uses the new method or the group that uses the traditional method. this process is used to ensure that the groups are as similar as possible. what is this process called? a. random sampling b. random assignment c. similarity assignment d. randomizing control e. stratified sampling 43. a medical researcher is conducting a study on the effect of a new medication. to control for the psychological impact of receiving treatment, he gives some participants a sugar pill with no active ingredients. this inactive substance is called an: a. confounding variable b. placebo c. independent variable d. dependent variable e. control variable 44. a researcher is studying the effects of a new diet on weight loss. the researcher is collecting data in the form of numerical values (pounds lost) and analyzing the relationship between the diet and the weight loss. this type of research is called: a. correlational research b. quantitative research c. naturalistic observation d. case - study e. experimental research 45. a researcher wants to see if a new tutoring program affects students grades. she finds that the grades of the students in the tutoring program are consistently higher, and she wants to know how much the scores deviate from the average. this measure of the variability of the data is called the: a. mean b. range c. standard deviation d. mode e. median 46. a psychologist believes that a specific type of brain structure is linked to a certain behavior. this field of study, which focuses on the connection between biology and behavior, is known as: a. biopsychosocial approach b. cognitive neuroscience c. biological psychology d. evolutionary psychology e. behavioral genetics. 47. a researcher is studying the effects of a new therapy. he finds that after the therapy, the participants anxiety levels are significantly lower. he then uses his findings to make an educated guess about how the therapy would affect a larger population. this type of statistical analysis is known as: a. descriptive statistics b. inferential statistics c. qualitative research d. quantitative research e. experimental analysis 48. a psychologist is interested in how the brain processes language. she conducts a study that uses brain - imaging techniques to observe brain activity as participants perform language tasks. this field of study, which connects brain activity with cognition, is known as: a. biological psychology b. behavior genetics c. cognitive neuroscience d. evolutionary psychology e. biopsychosocial approach 49. a researcher finds that people who use public transportation are more likely to report being unhappy. she concludes that public transportation causes unhappiness. a colleague points out that the relationship is likely due to other factors, like pre - existing mental health issues or socioeconomic status. this is an example of what? a. false - positive b. confounding variable c. illusory correlation d. experimenter bias e. confirmation bias

Explanation:

40.

Descriptive statistics summarize data like mean and spread.

The mean is the average value of a data - set.

Random assignment ensures groups are comparable in an experiment.

Answer:

C. Descriptive statistics

41.