Question

after reading case report 6.1, answer the following questions.
case report (cr) 6.1
you are
... a surgical physician assistant working with urologist phillip johnson, md, at fulwood medical center.
your patient is
... mr. nelson hughes, a 58 - year - old school principal. you are making your afternoon hospital visits to dr. johnson’s patients. earlier today you assisted at mr. hughes’s surgery. a laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for a tumor - nodes - metastases (tnm) stage ii renal cell carcinoma (cancer) with no evidence of local invasion or lymph node involvement (metastasis) was performed.
your job is to assess mr. hughes’s postoperative state and determine whether postoperative complications exist.
case report (cr) 6.1 (continued)
mr. nelson hughes had been well until a few months before his surgery, when he noticed a vague, aching pain in his left loin. one week before surgery, he suddenly passed bright red urine. urinalysis showed red blood cells (rbcs) (hematuria). physical examination revealed an enlarged left kidney. ivp and other imaging tests showed a tumor 3 inches in diameter in the center of the left kidney. bone scan was normal, indicating no metastases to bone.

1. \bright red urine\ would indicate the presence of blood in the urine.
2. mr. hughes complained of pain in the loin. which of the following statements best describes the location of the loin? pelvic region
3. has the cancer spread to other parts of the body? no

Explanation:

1. The case report explicitly states bright red urine (hematuria) is linked to red blood cells (blood) in urine.
2. The loin refers to the lower back/pelvic-associated kidney region, matching the pelvic region option.
3. The case notes no local invasion, lymph node involvement, and a normal bone scan, confirming no metastasis.

Answer:

1. blood
2. pelvic region
3. no