Question

alternately, human rights can be seen as a human invention—a social construction or a creation. in this view, unlike gravity, which exerts its force whether or not humans recognize it, political action is necessary to create and protect human rights. the basis for this view comes from observing the world around us. if you look around you will see poverty, homelessness, discrimination, and violence. billions of individuals can attest to the fact that they do not themselves have access to the human rights that are often called inalienable. from this perspective, human rights are created through political action: they are what people define them to be.
there is yet a third possibility: that human rights (like gravity) are inherent, but too often ignored. human rights are not created, but discovered. one of the tasks of political theory is to discern what these rights are, and one of the obligations of political actors is to bring these rights into practice. that countries have often failed to protect these rights reveals the flaws of political action, not the absence of the rights themselves.
human rights are so important to politics that this book examines them in multiple places. chapter 4 focuses on civil liberties—freedoms of conscience, worship, and speech, as well as the rights to privacy, among others. civil liberties involve the freedoms that humans have (or, alternately, should have) to live their lives according to their own directions and purposes, without governmental interference. another form of human rights that are most often considered rights that are affirmed to specific groups that have previously been denied their rights, such as for example when african americans in the united states were guaranteed the right to vote through the 15th amendment to the us constitution and when the 19th amendment extended voting rights to women.

Explanation:

The text discusses human rights, civil liberties, and political action related to them, along with examples of civil rights (like 15th and 19th Amendments). These topics fall under the subfield of Politics within Social Science as it deals with political aspects of rights, governance, and legal - political actions (amendments) related to rights.

Answer:

Politics (under Social Science)