Question

beccaria argued that ______ should not be used as a punishment because it violates the social contract.
probation
community service
prison
the death penalty

Explanation:

Cesare Beccaria, a key figure in classical criminology, argued against the death penalty in his work On Crimes and Punishments. He contended that the death penalty violates the social contract, as individuals do not surrender their right to life when forming the social contract with the state.

Answer:

D. the death penalty