Question

1. the causative agent for acquired immune deficiency syndrome is

a. aids
b. hiv
c. siv
d. lav

1. a condition characterized by the attack of the immune system, such as the cytotoxic t cells on the bodys own cells is called

a. active immunity
b. allergic reaction
c. autoimmune disease
d. passive immunity

1. what chemical is released during inflammation by certain blood cells, which makes the capillaries dilate and become more permeable?

a. antigen
b. cytokine
c. histamine
d. perforin

1. what cells play a role in stopping cancers such as those caused by hepatitis b and human papilloma virus?

a. cytotoxic t cell
b. dendritic cells
c. macrophages
d. mast cell

Explanation:

1. The causative agent of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). AIDS is the disease state, not the causative agent. SIV (Simian Immunodeficiency Virus) affects primates and LAV (Lymphadenopathy - Associated Virus) was an early name for HIV.
2. When the immune system, like cytotoxic T - cells, attacks the body's own cells, it is called an autoimmune disease. Active immunity is the body's own immune response after exposure to an antigen. An allergic reaction is to a foreign but usually harmless substance. Passive immunity is the transfer of antibodies.
3. Histamine is released by certain blood cells during inflammation and causes capillaries to dilate and become more permeable. Antigens are substances that trigger an immune response. Cytokines are signaling molecules in the immune response. Perforin is a protein used by cytotoxic T - cells to kill target cells.
4. Cytotoxic T - cells play a role in stopping cancers such as those caused by hepatitis B and human papilloma virus. Dendritic cells are antigen - presenting cells. Macrophages are phagocytic cells that can also present antigens. Mast cells are involved in allergic reactions and inflammation.

Answer:

1. b. HIV
2. c. autoimmune disease
3. c. histamine
4. a. cytotoxic T cell