Question

compare the formation of contemporary governments & historical and philosophical foundations of the republican system of gove

1. what are inalienable rights?

rights that apply only during times of war.
rights that belong to all people and cannot be taken away.
rights that can be taken away by the government.
rights given only to the wealthy.

1. which document states that people have the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness?

the english bill of rights
the magna carta
the u.s. constitution
the declaration of independence

1. what does the social contract theory say about government?

only kings and queens should create laws.
governments should have unlimited power over their citizens.
governments exist to protect people’s rights, and if they fail, people can change or replace them.
the government should not protect individual freedoms.

Explanation:

Question 1

To determine the correct answer, we analyze each option:

• "Rights that apply only during times of war" is incorrect as inalienable rights are not limited to war times.
• "Rights that belong to all people and cannot be taken away" matches the definition of inalienable rights (also called unalienable rights), which are fundamental rights inherent to all individuals and cannot be revoked.
• "Rights that can be taken away by the government" is the opposite of inalienable rights.
• "Rights given only to the wealthy" is incorrect as inalienable rights are universal, not limited to the wealthy.

We recall the content of each document:

• The English Bill of Rights focused on limiting the power of the monarchy and establishing parliamentary rights, not the "life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness" phrase.
• The Magna Carta was a medieval document limiting the king's power, mainly related to feudal rights.
• The U.S. Constitution outlines the structure of the U.S. government and amendments for rights, but the "life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness" is not in it.
• The Declaration of Independence states "We hold these truths to be self - evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

We analyze the social contract theory:

• "Only kings and queens should create laws" is a monarchist view, not related to social contract theory.
• "Governments should have unlimited power over their citizens" goes against the social contract idea where government power is based on the consent of the governed.
• "Governments exist to protect people's rights, and if they fail, people can change or replace them" is a key tenet of social contract theory (as proposed by thinkers like Locke, Rousseau, etc.). Governments are formed by the people to protect their natural rights, and if they violate this contract, the people have the right to alter or abolish the government.
• "The government should not protect individual freedoms" is the opposite of what the social contract theory proposes.

Answer:

B. Rights that belong to all people and cannot be taken away.

Question 2