Question

complete each sentence to describe the process of translation.

1. in translation, click to select molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome.
2. trna molecules have a click to select structure, with a three - nucleotide click to select sequence at one end and an click to select attachment site at the other end.
3. molecules called click to select match amino acids in the cytoplasm to their proper trnas, as dictated by the anticodon on the trna molecule.
4. translation begins when a trna with a uac anticodon binds to the first click to select codon in the mrna strand.
5. as translation proceeds, trnas with anticodons complementary to mrna codons bring amino acids in at the click to select on the ribosome.
6. a peptide bond forms between the amino acid attached to the trna in the a site and the growing polypeptide chain attached to the trna in the click to select.
7. the ribosome moves along the mrna so that the trna that was in the a site is now in the p site and the trna that was in the p site is now in the click to select, where empty trnas exit the ribosome.
8. when the ribosome encounters a click to select codon, the translation complex dissociates, and the newly made click to select is released into the cell.

Explanation:

1. tRNA (transfer - RNA) is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during translation.
2. tRNA has a clover - leaf structure, with an anticodon (three - nucleotide sequence) at one end and an amino - acid attachment site at the other.
3. Aminoacyl - tRNA synthetases are the enzymes that match amino acids to their proper tRNAs based on the tRNA anticodon.
4. Translation starts when the initiator tRNA (with UAC anticodon) binds to the start (AUG) codon on mRNA.
5. tRNAs bring amino acids to the A (aminoacyl) site on the ribosome.
6. The growing polypeptide chain is attached to the tRNA in the P (peptidyl) site when a peptide bond forms.
7. The tRNA that was in the P site moves to the E (exit) site where it exits the ribosome.
8. When a stop codon is reached, the translation complex dissociates and the newly made polypeptide is released.

Answer:

1. tRNA
2. clover - leaf; anticodon; amino - acid
3. aminoacyl - tRNA synthetases
4. AUG
5. A site
6. P site
7. E site
8. stop; polypeptide