Question

concept 4.5 mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to another

1. what is the function of the mitochondria?
2. what is the function of the chloroplasts?
3. mitochondria and chloroplasts share similar evolutionary origins and display similarities to bacteria. how is this explained by the endosymbiont theory? summarize three lines of evidence that support the model of endosymbiosis.

1.
2.
3.

Explanation:

1. Mitochondria are the power - houses of the cell, performing cellular respiration to generate ATP (energy currency of the cell).
2. Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis in plant cells, converting light energy into chemical energy (glucose).
3. The endosymbiont theory posits that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free - living bacteria that were engulfed by a host cell. Evidence: 1. They have their own circular DNA like bacteria. 2. They have ribosomes similar to bacterial ribosomes. 3. They divide independently of the host cell by binary fission, like bacteria.

Answer:

1. Generate ATP through cellular respiration.
2. Perform photosynthesis to convert light energy to chemical energy.
3. 1. Own circular DNA.
4. Similar ribosomes to bacteria.
5. Divide by binary fission.