Question

describe how dna controls the production of proteins.
practice multiple choice questions (ls.1.5 - dna & protein synthesis)

1. which best explains why dna replication in the human body is significant?

a. it is needed for cell division
b. it is necessary for protein synthesis
c. it replaces any damaged dna cells
d. it produces rna strands

1. what two organelles are involved in protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

a. nucleus and ribosome
b. mitochondria and vacuole
c. mitochondria and ribosome
d. cell membrane and nucleus

1. which best describes the relationship between dna and proteins?

a. dna contains nucleotides and codes to make amino acids, which in turn make proteins.
b. dna and proteins have the same structure and function together to make carbohydrates.
c. dna and proteins are nucleic acids that function together to maintain oxygen in the respiratory system.
d. dna and proteins are made of polymers that function in controlling substances entering the cell membrane.

1. which best describes transcription?

a. dna to trna
b. dna to mrna
c. mrna to trna
d. dna to protein

1. what is the function of the transfer rna molecule in the synthesis of proteins?

a. provide nucleotides for messenger rna production
b. carry the genetic instructions to the nucleus
c. pick up and transfer amino acids to the ribosomes
d. they change into amino acids

1. this chart represents amino acids that are coded from different combinations of mrna codons. which amino acid sequence can be coded from the dna sequence below?

atg gca tag
a. tyrosine - alanine - isoleucine
b. tyrosine - arginine - methionine
c. tyrosine - asparagine - isoleucine
d. tyrosine - arginine - isoleucine

1. which correctly places the events of protein synthesis in order?

a. dna pairs with trna; trna takes amino acid to ribosome; peptide bonds form between amino acids
b. mrna produced from dna; travels to mitochondria; mrna pairs with trna; carbohydrates form polymers
c. dna is transcribed into mrna; mrna moves to ribosomes; mrna pairs with trna; peptide bonds form between amino acids
d. dna replicated; dna copy travels to ribosome; dna pairs with mrna; peptide bonds form between amino acids

Explanation:

1. DNA replication is crucial for cell division as it ensures each new cell gets a complete set of genetic information.
2. In eukaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the nucleus to produce mRNA from DNA, and translation occurs at ribosomes to make proteins from mRNA.
3. DNA contains genetic codes for making amino - acids which are the building blocks of proteins.
4. Transcription is the process of making mRNA from DNA.
5. tRNA picks up and transfers amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.
6. First, the DNA sequence is transcribed to mRNA, then the mRNA codons are used to find the amino - acids. For ATG GCA TAG, the mRNA is UAC CGU AUC which codes for Tyrosine - Arginine - Isoleucine.
7. The correct order of protein synthesis events is: DNA is transcribed into mRNA; mRNA moves to ribosomes; mRNA pairs with tRNA; peptide bonds form between amino acids.

Answer:

1. A. it is needed for cell division
2. A. nucleus and ribosome
3. A. DNA contains nucleotides and codes to make amino acids, which in turn make proteins.
4. B. DNA to mRNA
5. C. Pick up and transfer amino acids to the ribosomes
6. D. Tyrosine - Arginine - Isoleucine
7. C. DNA is transcribed into mRNA; mRNA moves to ribosomes; mRNA pairs with tRNA; peptide bonds form between amino acids