Question

v. enzymes
for each term below, write the letter of the description that best matches it:

1. substrate
2. metabolism
3. activation energy
4. products
5. reactants
6. chemical reaction
7. what role do enzymes play in a chemical reaction?

enzyme substrate
lactase lactose
catalase hydrogen peroxide
dna polymerase nucleotides
enzymes can break down a reactant into multiple products or build multiple substrates together to make one product. enzymes are able to be re - used after each chemical reaction. enzymes and substrates are specific, this is because the shape of each enzyme is unique to its specific substrates.

1. enzymes are (circle one) proteins | carbohydrates . the shape | size of an enzyme determines its function, because enzymes are specific to a particular substrate | temperature .
2. can the enzyme dna polymerase be used to break down or build lactose? why or why not?
3. carbohydrases are a class of enzymes that act on carbohydrates. typically they need water. enzymes called lactase breaks down the sugar lactose found in milk into smaller components glucose and galactose. the chemical reaction requires energy. during this reaction, what is the substrate and what is the product(s)?

Explanation:

Step1: Answer question 41

Enzymes are biological catalysts. They lower the activation - energy required for a chemical reaction to occur, thus speeding up the reaction rate without being consumed in the reaction.

Step2: Answer question 42

Enzymes are proteins. The shape of an enzyme determines its function because enzymes are specific to a particular substrate.

Step3: Answer question 43

No, the enzyme DNA polymerase cannot be used to break down or build lactose. DNA polymerase acts on nucleotides to build DNA strands during DNA replication and repair. It has a specific active - site shape that is complementary to nucleotides, not lactose. Lactose is a sugar and requires an enzyme like lactase to act on it.

Step4: Answer question 44

The substrate is lactose. The products of the reaction where lactase breaks down lactose are glucose and galactose.

Answer:

1. Enzymes act as biological catalysts, lowering the activation energy of a chemical reaction and speeding up the reaction rate without being consumed.
2. Proteins; shape; substrate
3. No. DNA polymerase acts on nucleotides for DNA - related processes and has a specific active - site for nucleotides, not lactose.
4. Substrate: lactose; Products: glucose and galactose