4. the events in the following experiment are out of order. complete the table by answering the questions below in the appropriate columns. (20 points)
a. what step of the scientific method is described in each event? (10 points)
b. in what order would a scientist complete these events? renumber the events in the \correct order\ column. (10 points)
| original order | event | a. step of scientific method | b. correct order |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| 1 | the scientists thought a certain artificial sweetener used in foods and soft drinks could be the cause of changes in mood and sleep patterns in people who used those products frequently. | | |
| 2 | the amount of sweetener consumed by laboratory rats was measured carefully, as was the amount of a certain chemical in their brains. this chemical seemed to control behavior in the rats and was used as an indicator of mood. these data were entered into a computer. | | |
| 3 | because human subjects are difficult to study, laboratory rats were used. one group of laboratory rats was given the artificial sweetener, and another group was not. all of the rats were given an identical diet and living conditions. | | |
| 4 | when the results were analyzed, the scientists found the experimental rats brains had three times the amount of indicator chemicals that the control rats brains had. the scientists reported their findings in several scientific journals. | | |
| 5 | scientists at a leading university were concerned about a new artificial sweetener on the market. did this sweetener cause side - effects such as changes in mood and other emotional problems in people who consumed it? | | |

Question

4. the events in the following experiment are out of order. complete the table by answering the questions below in the appropriate columns. (20 points)
a. what step of the scientific method is described in each event? (10 points)
b. in what order would a scientist complete these events? renumber the events in the \correct order\ column. (10 points)
| original order | event | a. step of scientific method | b. correct order |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| 1 | the scientists thought a certain artificial sweetener used in foods and soft drinks could be the cause of changes in mood and sleep patterns in people who used those products frequently. |  |  |
| 2 | the amount of sweetener consumed by laboratory rats was measured carefully, as was the amount of a certain chemical in their brains. this chemical seemed to control behavior in the rats and was used as an indicator of mood. these data were entered into a computer. |  |  |
| 3 | because human subjects are difficult to study, laboratory rats were used. one group of laboratory rats was given the artificial sweetener, and another group was not. all of the rats were given an identical diet and living conditions. |  |  |
| 4 | when the results were analyzed, the scientists found the experimental rats brains had three times the amount of indicator chemicals that the control rats brains had. the scientists reported their findings in several scientific journals. |  |  |
| 5 | scientists at a leading university were concerned about a new artificial sweetener on the market. did this sweetener cause side - effects such as changes in mood and other emotional problems in people who consumed it? |  |  |

Accepted Answer

# Brief Explanations:
The scientific method steps include making an observation, forming a hypothesis, conducting an experiment, analyzing data, and reporting results. For part A, we match each event to the appropriate step. For part B, we order the steps in the typical scientific - method sequence.
1. Event 5 is an observation as scientists notice a new sweetener and wonder about its effects.
2. Event 1 is a hypothesis formation as scientists propose a possible cause - effect relationship.
3. Event 3 is experiment design and execution as they set up a rat experiment.
4. Event 2 is data collection as they measure and record relevant data.
5. Event 4 is data analysis and reporting as they analyze results and report findings.
The correct order of the scientific method is observation, hypothesis, experiment, data collection, analysis, and reporting.

# Answer:
| Original Order | Event | A. Step of Scientific Method | B. Correct Order |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| 1 | The scientists thought a certain artificial sweetener used in foods and soft drinks could be the cause of changes in mood and sleep patterns in people who used those products frequently. | Hypothesis | 2 |
| 2 | The amount of sweetener consumed by laboratory rats was measured carefully, as was the amount of a certain chemical in their brains. This chemical seemed to control behavior in the rats and was used as an indicator of mood. These data were entered into a computer. | Data Collection | 4 |
| 3 | Because human subjects are difficult to study, laboratory rats were used. One group of laboratory rats was given the artificial sweetener, and another group was not. All of the rats were given an identical diet and living conditions. | Experiment | 3 |
| 4 | When the results were analyzed, the scientists found the experimental rats' brains had three times the amount of indicator chemicals that the control rats' brains had. The scientists reported their findings in several scientific journals. | Data Analysis and Reporting | 5 |
| 5 | Scientists at a leading university were concerned about a new artificial sweetener on the market. Did this sweetener cause side effects such as changes in mood and other emotional problems in people who consumed it? | Observation | 1 |

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Answer:

original order	event	a. step of scientific method	b. correct order
2	the amount of sweetener consumed by laboratory rats was measured carefully, as was the amount of a certain chemical in their brains. this chemical seemed to control behavior in the rats and was used as an indicator of mood. these data were entered into a computer.
3	because human subjects are difficult to study, laboratory rats were used. one group of laboratory rats was given the artificial sweetener, and another group was not. all of the rats were given an identical diet and living conditions.
4	when the results were analyzed, the scientists found the experimental rats brains had three times the amount of indicator chemicals that the control rats brains had. the scientists reported their findings in several scientific journals.
5	scientists at a leading university were concerned about a new artificial sweetener on the market. did this sweetener cause side - effects such as changes in mood and other emotional problems in people who consumed it?

Original Order	Event	A. Step of Scientific Method	B. Correct Order
2	The amount of sweetener consumed by laboratory rats was measured carefully, as was the amount of a certain chemical in their brains. This chemical seemed to control behavior in the rats and was used as an indicator of mood. These data were entered into a computer.	Data Collection	4
3	Because human subjects are difficult to study, laboratory rats were used. One group of laboratory rats was given the artificial sweetener, and another group was not. All of the rats were given an identical diet and living conditions.	Experiment	3
4	When the results were analyzed, the scientists found the experimental rats' brains had three times the amount of indicator chemicals that the control rats' brains had. The scientists reported their findings in several scientific journals.	Data Analysis and Reporting	5
5	Scientists at a leading university were concerned about a new artificial sweetener on the market. Did this sweetener cause side effects such as changes in mood and other emotional problems in people who consumed it?	Observation	1