Question

1. for the following situations, identify the variables and the individuals in the study.

a) in a survey of 24,000 high school students, 4.5% of them said they regularly use e - cig
b) in a sample of 3,600 newborns at the local hospital, the average birth weight was 7 p
c) 89% of adults, in a survey of 1,000 adults, own a smartphone.
d) at your high school, in a sample of 100 students, the average gpa was 3.1.

Explanation:

Step1: Identify individuals for a)

Individuals are high - school students. Variable is whether a student regularly uses e - cigs (a categorical variable, yes or no).

Step2: Identify individuals for b)

Individuals are newborns. Variable is birth weight (a numerical variable).

Step3: Identify individuals for c)

Individuals are adults. Variable is whether an adult owns a smartphone (a categorical variable, yes or no).

Step4: Identify individuals for d)

Individuals are high - school students. Variable is GPA (a numerical variable).

Answer:

a) Individuals: High - school students; Variable: Regular use of e - cigs (categorical)
b) Individuals: Newborns; Variable: Birth weight (numerical)
c) Individuals: Adults; Variable: Ownership of a smartphone (categorical)
d) Individuals: High - school students; Variable: GPA (numerical)