Question

a gene editing technology called crispr-cas9 uses cellular machinery to change the cell’s genetic material. how might this technology be useful in treating diseases like cancer?
a) crispr-cas9 could act as an antioxidant in a person’s cells, removing toxins that might otherwise damage dna.
b) crispr-cas9 could remove from patients the genetic mutations that cause a specific cancer before the cancer begins.
c) crispr-cas9 could remove any dna damage caused by smoking.
d) crispr-cas9 could be a substitute for chemotherapy.
question 2 (5 points)
listen
dna is copied, in a process called _______, so that a cell’s dna can be passed on to its daughter cells.
a) gene editing
b) gene expression
c) ...

Explanation:

Question 1

• Option A: CRISPR - Cas9 is a gene - editing tool, not an antioxidant. Antioxidants work chemically to neutralize toxins, while CRISPR - Cas9 acts on DNA at the genetic level.
• Option B: CRISPR - Cas9 can edit genes. If it can remove the genetic mutations that lead to a specific cancer, it can potentially prevent the cancer from developing. This is in line with its function of changing the cell's genetic material.
• Option C: CRISPR - Cas9 edits genes, not repair DNA damage caused by external factors like smoking in the way described. DNA damage repair has different cellular mechanisms, and CRISPR - Cas9 is for gene editing (changing the sequence of DNA, not just repairing damage).
• Option D: Chemotherapy is a broad - spectrum treatment that kills rapidly dividing cells (including cancer cells and some healthy cells). CRISPR - Cas9 is a gene - editing tool and not a direct substitute for chemotherapy as it works on a different principle (genetic modification vs. cell killing).

Question 2

(Assuming the third option is "replication" as it is the process of DNA copying for cell division)

• Option A: Gene editing (like CRISPR - Cas9) is the process of changing the DNA sequence, not copying it for cell division.
• Option B: Gene expression is the process of using the DNA code to make proteins (transcription and translation), not copying DNA for cell division.
• Option C (replication): DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA so that when the cell divides, each daughter cell gets a complete set of DNA.

Answer:

B) CRISPR - Cas9 could remove from patients the genetic mutations that cause a specific cancer before the cancer begins.