Question

the geocentric and the heliocentric model of the solar system were both supported by some observations. the pictures show parts of both models that include the sun, earth, the moon, and the planets venus and mars.which of these observations would only support the heliocentric model?question 3 / 3a the sun lights half of earth at any one time.b the moon appears to be the same diameter all of the time.c the distance between the sun and venus is always the same.d mars appears to be the same distance from earth all of the time.

Explanation:

• Option A: This observation is consistent with both models, as both have the Sun illuminating half the Earth at any time.
• Option B: The apparent diameter of the Moon staying the same is unrelated to distinguishing the two models, as both place the Moon orbiting Earth.
• Option C: In the geocentric model, Venus orbits Earth, so its distance from the Sun would vary greatly. In the heliocentric model, Venus orbits the Sun at a fixed orbital distance, so its distance from the Sun remains consistent. This only supports the heliocentric model.
• Option D: In reality, Mars' distance from Earth changes, and this statement is false for both models.

Answer:

C. The distance between the Sun and Venus is always the same.