Question

horizontal zones

1. ______________ zone: right off the beach/coast
2. ______________: open ocean areas
3. ______________: ocean floor

vertical zones

1. ____________ zone: where ____________ penetrates for photosynthesis
2. ______________ zone: gets less light
3. ______________ zone: gets hardly any light at all

coastal ecosystems
estuaries

• areas where ____________ meets the ____________
• mixture of ____________ water and ____________ water
• species must adapt to live in ______________ types of water

coastal wetlands

• areas covered with water ____________ or ____________ of the year
• include ____________ and ____________ forests
• provide important ______________ against storms
• have high ____________ and lots of ____________

intertidal zone

• area between ____________ tide and ____________ tide
• organisms must handle changes in ____________ (salt content) and ____________
• many organisms **______________ into sand to survive

ocean productivity
open ocean characteristics

• ______________ zone - open sea
• ______________ zone: high light, low nutrients, high dissolved oxygen
• ______________ zone: high nutrients, dark, cold, low dissolved oxygen
• ______________: bring nutrients from bottom to surface, creating high productivity areas

net primary productivity in open ocean is ____________ but covers large ____________.
human impacts on marine systems

1. using ocean as a ____________ ____________
2. ____________ and ____________

______________ at the coast causing runoff and pollution

Explanation:

This is a fill - in - the - blank worksheet about oceanic and coastal ecosystems. For horizontal zones, the areas near the beach/coast, open ocean, and ocean floor have specific names. Vertical zones are classified based on light penetration. Estuaries are where freshwater meets saltwater. Coastal wetlands have water coverage characteristics and ecological functions. The intertidal zone is between high and low tides with organisms having specific adaptations. Open ocean has different zones with distinct physical and chemical features. Upwelling brings nutrients and affects productivity. Human impacts on marine systems include using the ocean as a waste disposal site and land - use changes at the coast causing runoff and pollution.

Answer:

Horizontal Zones

1. Neritic Zone: Right off the beach/coast
2. Oceanic Zone: Open ocean areas
3. Benthic Zone: Ocean floor

Vertical Zones

1. Euphotic Zone: Where light penetrates for photosynthesis
2. Disphotic Zone: Gets less light
3. Aphotic Zone: Gets hardly any light at all

Coastal Ecosystems
Estuaries

• Areas where freshwater meets the saltwater
• Mixture of fresh water and salt water
• Species must adapt to live in variable types of water

Coastal Wetlands

• Areas covered with water part or most of the year
• Include salt marshes and mangrove forests
• Provide important protection against storms
• Have high biodiversity and lots of nutrients

Intertidal Zone

• Area between high tide and low tide
• Organisms must handle changes in salinity (salt content) and temperature
• Many organisms burrow into sand to survive

Ocean Productivity
Open Ocean Characteristics

• Oceanic Zone - Open Sea
• Euphotic Zone: High light, low nutrients, high dissolved oxygen
• Aphotic Zone: High nutrients, dark, cold, low dissolved oxygen
• Upwelling: Bring nutrients from bottom to surface, creating high productivity areas

Net primary productivity in open ocean is low but covers large areas.
Human Impacts on Marine Systems

1. Using ocean as a waste disposal site
2. Land - use changes and deforestation at the coast causing runoff and pollution