Question

how does friction affect motion? think about what would happen if you slid a book across a table. would it continue to slide, or would it come to a stop after some time? what about the water tube? only a force can change the motion of an object. what forces might be responsible for slowing things down when the push stops? lab sticky situation safety materials tape sandpaper eyehook spring scale wooden block procedure 1. read and complete a lab safety form. 2. use tape to fasten sandpaper to a table. attach a spring scale to a wooden block with an eyehook in it. 3. gently pull the block at a constant speed across the table. record your observations below. 4. gently pull the block at a constant speed across the sandpaper. record your observations. 5. follow your teachers instructions for proper cleanup. data and observations explore/explain lesson 2 force and acceleration

Explanation:

Step1: Understand friction concept

Friction is a force that opposes motion. When an object moves, friction acts in the opposite direction.

Step2: Analyze block - table case

When pulling the wooden block across the table, the table surface exerts a frictional force on the block. This force resists the motion of the block. The spring - scale measures the force required to overcome this friction and move the block at a constant speed.

Step3: Analyze block - sandpaper case

Sandpaper has a rougher surface than the table. So, when the block is pulled across the sandpaper, the frictional force is greater. More force is needed to move the block at a constant speed, and this is reflected in the reading on the spring - scale.

Step4: Generalize

In general, friction slows down the motion of an object. It can also affect the amount of force required to keep an object moving at a constant speed. Surfaces with more texture or roughness create more friction.

Answer:

When sliding the wooden block across the table, a certain amount of force is required to overcome the friction between the block and the table surface to move it at a constant speed. When sliding the block across the sandpaper, a greater force is required because the sandpaper's rougher surface creates more friction. Friction opposes the motion of an object and can slow it down, and the amount of friction depends on the nature of the surfaces in contact.