Question

how do volcanic eruptions affect climate
2a
hot lava can cause a steep rise in temperatures
the hot lava heats oceans
ash blocks sunlight and causes lower temperatures
eruptions can cause a change in the earths position to the sun

2 multiple choice 12.5 points
unusually warm surface water temperatures in the pacific ocean caused by weak or reversed direction trade winds.
2a
high tides
la pinta
el niño
la niña

3 multiple choice 12.5 points
the process through which heat is trapped near earths surface by gases
2b
eutrophication
desalinization
milankovitch cycle
greenhouse effect

4 multiple choice 12.5 points
which of the following is/are an effect of climate change?
2b
animal extinction
drought
rising sea levels
all of the above

Explanation:

1. Volcanic eruptions release ash and aerosols into the atmosphere. These particles can block sunlight, leading to a cooling effect on the Earth's surface.
2. El - Niño is characterized by unusually warm surface water temperatures in the Pacific ocean due to weak or reversed trade winds. La Niña has the opposite effect with cooler - than - normal sea surface temperatures. High tides are mainly related to the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, and "La Pinta" is a historical ship name.
3. The greenhouse effect is the process by which heat is trapped near Earth's surface by gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, etc. Eutrophication is related to excessive nutrients in water bodies, desalination is the process of removing salt from water, and the Milankovitch cycle is about long - term climate changes related to Earth's orbit and tilt.
4. Climate change has multiple effects. Rising temperatures can lead to habitat loss for animals, causing extinctions. Changes in precipitation patterns can lead to droughts. Melting of ice sheets and thermal expansion of seawater cause rising sea levels.

Answer:

1. ash blocks sunlight and causes lower temperatures
2. El Niño
3. greenhouse effect
4. all of the above