Question

1. identify two types of evidence that scientists use to monitor carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

type of evidence|how is it used to monitor carbon dioxide?

1. identify two clues that scientists use to estimate earths climate in the distant past.

clue|how does it provide evidence of climate in the distant past?

Explanation:

1. For monitoring carbon - dioxide in the atmosphere:

• Direct measurements from ground - based stations: Instruments at these stations measure the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air samples they collect. This provides real - time data on current levels.
• Satellite measurements: Satellites equipped with sensors can detect the infrared radiation emitted or absorbed by carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This gives a global view of carbon dioxide distribution.

1. For estimating Earth's past climate:

• Ice cores: Layers of ice in polar regions trap air bubbles. The composition of gases in these bubbles, including carbon dioxide and methane, can be analyzed to determine past atmospheric conditions and thus past climates.
• Fossil records: Fossils of plants and animals can indicate the type of environment they lived in. For example, certain plant fossils are indicative of warm, wet climates, while others suggest cooler, drier conditions.

Answer:

3)

• Direct measurements from ground - based stations; Instruments measure CO₂ concentration in air samples for real - time data.
• Satellite measurements; Sensors detect infrared radiation related to CO₂ for a global view.

4)

• Ice cores; Air bubbles in ice layers contain gases that can be analyzed for past atmospheric conditions.
• Fossil records; Fossils of plants and animals indicate past environmental and climate conditions.