Question

individuals who believe that an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and therefore do nothing to change the course of events are exhibiting
a. self - actualization attributes
b. the fight - or - flight response
c. attributional deficits
d. cognitive dissonance
e. learned helplessness

Explanation:

• Self-actualization refers to pursuing one's full potential, not passive acceptance of negative events.
• Fight-or-flight is a stress response involving active action/escape, not inaction.
• Attributional deficits involve impaired ability to assign causes to events, not learned passivity.
• Cognitive dissonance is discomfort from conflicting beliefs/actions, not acceptance of unavoidable harm.
• Learned helplessness is exactly the condition where individuals believe negative events are unavoidable and stop trying to change them, matching the description.

Answer:

E. learned helplessness