Question

5 mark for review
xander can no longer stomach the taste of sushi after he vomited from eating a spoiled serving of it.
however, the appearance of sushi does not make him sick. which of the following best accounts for why
xander becomes sick upon tasting sushi but not seeing sushi?
a latent learning, because sushi acts as a reinforcer.

b insight learning, because sushi acts as a reinforcer.

c biological predisposition, because this example illustrates taste aversion.

d negative punishment, because this example illustrates taste aversion.

Explanation:

• Option A: Latent learning involves learning without immediate reinforcement, and sushi here is not a reinforcer in this context, so A is incorrect.
• Option B: Insight learning is about sudden understanding to solve a problem, not related to taste aversion, and sushi isn't a reinforcer here, so B is incorrect.
• Option C: Biological predisposition in taste aversion means organisms are biologically prepared to associate taste (not sight) with illness. Xander associates the taste of sushi (from the spoiled one) with sickness, which is taste aversion, so C is correct.
• Option D: Negative punishment is removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease behavior, which doesn't apply here as this is taste aversion, not punishment, so D is incorrect.

Answer:

C. Biological predisposition, because this example illustrates taste aversion.